An autothermal reforming system for diesel and jet fuel with quick start-up capability

Samsun, Remzi Can; Prawitz, Matthias; Tschauder, Andreas; Pasel, Joachim; Peters, Ralf; Stolten, Detlef

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.08.244

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Without any heat exchange between the single process units, 24%-29% was achieved. This fits very well with the results of Schemme et al [119] if, on the one hand, an innovative separation technique such as that of thin-film evaporators is used for trioxane-water separation (see Held et al [19]) and, on the other, a real heat exchanger network is taken into account. Starting from methanol, Ouda et al [105] reported a plant efficiency of 71.7% for OME3-5, which is not directly comparable to the results of Schemme et al [119].…”

Section: Power-to-fuelsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, research on fuel cell systems with on-board fuel processing for vehicle propulsion was halted due their high complexity [13]. The technology can still be used for power supply to mobile systems during idling [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Instead of fossil fuels, biofuels could be employed by Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs).…”

Section: General Overview Of Future Power Train Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Future Power Train Solutions for Long-Haul Trucks

et al. 2021

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Achieving the CO2 reduction targets for 2050 requires extensive measures being undertaken in all sectors. In contrast to energy generation, the transport sector has not yet been able to achieve a substantive reduction in CO2 emissions. Measures for the ever more pressing reduction in CO2 emissions from transportation include the increased use of electric vehicles powered by batteries or fuel cells. The use of fuel cells requires the production of hydrogen and the establishment of a corresponding hydrogen production system and associated infrastructure. Synthetic fuels made using carbon dioxide and sustainably-produced hydrogen can be used in the existing infrastructure and will reach the extant vehicle fleet in the medium term. All three options require a major expansion of the generation capacities for renewable electricity. Moreover, various options for road freight transport with light duty vehicles (LDVs) and heavy duty vehicles (HDVs) are analyzed and compared. In addition to efficiency throughout the entire value chain, well-to-wheel efficiency and also other aspects play an important role in this comparison. These include: (a) the possibility of large-scale energy storage in the sense of so-called ‘sector coupling’, which is offered only by hydrogen and synthetic energy sources; (b) the use of the existing fueling station infrastructure and the applicability of the new technology on the existing fleet; (c) fulfilling the power and range requirements of the long-distance road transport.

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Section: Power-to-fuelsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: General Overview Of Future Power Train Optionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Future Power Train Solutions for Long-Haul Trucks

et al. 2021

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“…The latest fuel processor in the sixth generation can be considered the final step in these developments before complete system integration. Using an electrical start-up strategy, it took 14-16 min for this system to complete the start-up procedure [48].…”

Section: Reactor and System Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact, Self-Sustaining Fuel Cell Auxiliary Power Unit Operated on Diesel Fuel

et al. 2021

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A complete fuel cell-based auxiliary power unit in the 7.5 kWe power class utilizing diesel fuel was developed in accordance with the power density and start-up targets defined by the U.S. Department of Energy. The system includes a highly-integrated fuel processor with multifunctional reactors to facilitate autothermal reforming, the water-gas shift reaction, and catalytic combustion. It was designed with the help of process analyses, on the basis of which two commercial, high-temperature PEFC stacks and balance of plant components were selected. The complete system was packaged, which resulted in a volume of 187.5 l. After achieving a stable and reproducible stack performance based on a modified break-in procedure, a maximum power of 3.3 kWe was demonstrated in a single stack. Despite the strong deviation from design points resulting from a malfunctioning stack, all system functions could be validated. By scaling-up the performance of the functioning stack to the level of two stacks, a power density of 35 We l−1 could be estimated, which is close to the 40 We l−1 target. Furthermore, the start-up time could be reduced to less than 22 min, which exceeds the 30 min target. These results may bring diesel-based fuel cell auxiliary power units a step closer to use in real applications, which is supported by the demonstrated indicators.

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“…Extensive studies have been conducted on the use of hydrocarbon fuels as hydrogen sources for fuel cell applications, particularly gasoline, diesel [1][2][3][4] and jet fuel. [5][6][7] The major drawback of these technologies is that they have difficulties in maintaining high thermal efficiency and low fuel consumption while reducing emissions such as CO and CO 2. 8,9 Research is placing great emphasis on finding cleaner and more efficient designs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrocarbon fuels can be efficient hydrogen carriers mainly due to their high hydrogen density and existing infrastructure. Extensive studies have been conducted on the use of hydrocarbon fuels as hydrogen sources for fuel cell applications, particularly gasoline, diesel 1‐4 and jet fuel 5‐7 . The major drawback of these technologies is that they have difficulties in maintaining high thermal efficiency and low fuel consumption while reducing emissions such as CO and CO 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational investigation of auto‐thermal reforming process of diesel for production of hydrogen for PEM fuel cell applications

Ješić

Zajec

Bajec

et al. 2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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Hydrogen for the use in electrochemical fuel cells (FCs) can be obtained from diesel's sourced energy. A small scale process of the catalytic auto-thermal reforming (ATR) with the operational water-gas shift (WGS) for the production of hydrogen with suitable purity grade as a resource in the high temperature polymer membrane redox FCs (HT-PEMFCs) for auxiliary power systems was proposed. The reactors for hydrocarbon ATR dehydrogenation reactions, WGS processor serial treatment and downstream were designed. Technology was simulated using Aspen Plus software. Gibbs minimization was applied to validate the product compound composition for both units' yields, modelling was analysed, and the heat at the ATR device fluid inlet, the potential of pressure, feed, the influence of the oxygen to carbon (C) amount ratio, and the steam to total indicated C equivalent were investigated. one dimensional models were used for ATR/WGS. The first was considered as a plug flow, while the latter as packed-bed vessel. Particular kinetic parameters were estimated from literature; other functional conditions were specified. Combined sequential results, assessed from calculations, allow for a successful engineered construction, operation and intensification of ATR, which requires a good physical understanding, but also control of thermodynamic equilibria, transport phenomena and mechanistic chemical rates.

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An autothermal reforming system for diesel and jet fuel with quick start-up capability

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Future Power Train Solutions for Long-Haul Trucks

Future Power Train Solutions for Long-Haul Trucks

A Compact, Self-Sustaining Fuel Cell Auxiliary Power Unit Operated on Diesel Fuel

Computational investigation of auto‐thermal reforming process of diesel for production of hydrogen for PEM fuel cell applications

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