An autoregressive logistic model to predict the reciprocal effects of oviductal fluid components on in vitro spermophagy by neutrophils in cattle

Abstract

After intercourse/insemination, large numbers of sperm are deposited in the female reproductive tract (FRT), triggering a massive recruitment of neutrophils (PMNs) into the FRT, possibly to eliminate excessive sperm via phagocytosis. Some bovine oviductal fluid components (BOFCs) have been shown to regulate in vitro sperm phagocytosis (spermophagy) by PMNs. The modeling approach-based logistic regression (LR) and autoregressive logistic regression (ALR) can be used to predict the behavior of complex biological systems. We, first, compared the LR and ALR models using in vitro data to find which of them provides a better prediction of in vitro spermophagy in bovine. Then, the best model was used to identify and classify the reciprocal effects of BOFCs in regulating spermophagy. The ALR model was calibrated using an iterative procedure with a dynamical search direction. The superoxide production data were used to illustrate the accuracy in validating logit model-based ALR and LR. The ALR model was more accurate than the LR model. Based on in vitro data, the ALR predicted that the regulation of spermophagy by PMNs in bovine oviduct is more sensitive to alpha-1 acid glycoprotein (AGP), PGE2, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and to the combination of AGP or BSA with other BOFCs.

Urea influences amino acid turnover in bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes, cumulus cells and denuded oocytes, and affects in vitro fertilization outcome

“…So, the marginal effects were computed to reveal the instantaneous rate of change in amino acid turnover based on the smaller intervals (one-tenth fold intervals from the lowest to the highest urea concentration, 0 to 40 mg/dl) 19 , 20 . This method provides a good estimate of the amount of change in amino acid turnover that will be produced by a one-unit change (i.e., one-tenth fold intervals) in the variable, i.e., urea 59 . In the present study, the turnover of AAs depended on urea concentrations (0, 20, and 40 mg/dl) as a continuous variable and on cell type, i.e., CCs, DOs, and intact COCs as discrete variables.…”

Nonlinear mathematical modeling and optimum design of tuned mass dampers using adaptive dynamic harmony search algorithm

“…Lower values of RMSE indicate a better fitness, with zero indicating a perfect prediction. The goodness‐of‐fit measure of model efficiency is calculated based on the error variance and observed variance . CI = 0 indicates null confidence, and CI = 1 indicates total confidence.…”

A Facile Technique of Sensing Adulteration in Emulsion: A Road to Safety

“…Several reports of adulteration in milk have been reported recently [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. The common chemicals adulterants, which have been reported in milk, are sodium hydroxide, formalin, hydrogen peroxide, cane sugar, starch, gelatine, synthetic dyes, soap detergents and urea [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Among them, urea is frequently used in raw milk as per reports [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

“…The typical concentration of urea in milk is 18-40 mg/dl [1,4,[9][10][11][12][13]. Urea is a normal constituent of milk and it is a major part (55%) of the non-protein nitrogen of milk.…”

“…Recently several methods for melamine detection, including chromatographic methods [9][10][11][12][13][14], which consume much time to get the species analysed and are too tedious and expensive to be used. Also highperformance liquid chromatography and potentiometric and electrochemical methods are time consuming, are expensive and need trained people [4][5][6][7][8].…”