“…Besides, some health problems, such as hyperparathyroidism, vitamin D deficiency, and fanconi syndrome, can be diagnosed by measuring phosphate anions concentrations in body fluids [2]. Accordingly, considerable detection strategies for phosphate anions and their derivatives have been developed including chromatography, spectrophotometry [3,4], fluorometry [5][6][7], electrochemical analysis [8,9], and enzymatic biosensors [10]. However, the drawbacks of most of these techniques are that they often require time-consuming sample pretreatment procedures, sophisticated instrumentation, large sample volumes, or specialized skills.…”