An automated monitoring and environmental control system for laboratory-scale cultivation of oyster mushrooms using the Internet of Agricultural Thing (IoAT)

An Integrated IoT Sensor-Camera System toward Leveraging Edge Computing for Smart Greenhouse Mushroom Cultivation

“…Therefore, the most important task of indoor mushroom cultivation relies on the timely and continuous control of the key environmental parameters' ideal conditions at every mushroom growing stage [36]. Previous studies listed a wide range of those key parameters [13], but the two most important ones that are worth regarding are air temperature and humidity, while several studies further considered light intensity or carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels. The ideal ranges for these parameters vary depending on different mushroom species [7,37], and they can be easily, timely, and automatically observed and controlled in the greenhouse using IoT sensors, which have been widely reported in the literature as the common approach for indoor mushroom management.…”

“…IoT environmental sensor [39] shiitake temperature, humidity, CO 2 [40] oyster temperature, humidity, light [13] oyster temperature, humidity, light [36] gourmet * temperature, humidity, CO 2, light [41] oyster temperature, humidity Camera and AI computer vision [42] enoki RGB image [43] white button RGB image [44] gourmet RGB image [45] oyster RGB image [8] gourmet RGB image Integrated IoT environmental sensor-camera [46] white button temperature, humidity, RGB image [47] white button temperature, humidity, CO 2 , RGB image [28] gourmet temperature, humidity, soil moisture, soil temperature, light, RGB image [48] gourmet temperature, humidity, RGB image [49] oyster temperature, humidity, light, soil moisture, RGB image * gourmet mushrooms include all edible mushrooms such as oyster, shiitake, enoki, or white button mushrooms.…”

“…Besides the cloud service costs, traditional smart agriculture systems are often limited by the slow network connection (low bandwidth) between Agricultural IoT devices and cloud servers when all the huge numbers of data collected from the devices are directly sent to the cloud, which then delays the system decisions and hampers real-time applications in smart agriculture (high latency) [10][11][12]. This is a challenge for mushroom cultivation when its key parameters require strict monitoring within short time intervals [13]. Edge computing (including cloudlets, fog, and mobile edge computing) has recently emerged as a promising solution to bridge this connection gap, thanks to the rapid advancement of information and communication technologies as well as hardware capacity.…”

“…Small-Data Storage (1): Since a previous study indicated the effective greenhouse mushroom monitoring on an hourly basis [13], we also set a one-hour (1 h) interval as the standard temporal resolution to be sent to the cloud and for mushroom cultivation in this study. To this end, several raw data should be stored in the Edge Layer for further temporal data resampling and quality control development.…”

A Smart Kumbung For Monitoring and Controlling Environment in Oyster Mushroom Cultivation Based on Internet of Things Framework

“…This system uses the Wemos D1 microcontroller and DHT11 sensor, humidifier, and exhaust fan. Another research paper applied an IoT-based automatic system for controlling humidity, temperature, and light as well as training in oyster mushroom cultivation in a laboratory room (Islam, Islam, Miah, & Bhowmik, 2022). A remote control and monitoring system for temperature, humidity, light intensity, and soil moisture level for mushroom cultivation based on the Internet of things (IoT) was developed by (Chong, Chew, Peter, Ting, & Show, 2023).…”