An Autochthonous Human Case of Fasciolopsiasis in Nepal

Abstract

Fasciolopsiasis is rarely known as the parasitic disease in Nepal. Herein, we report a case of fasciolopsiasis in a 22-year-old man who was admitted in the hospital with abdominal pain, distension and loss of appetite for a month. He had previously diagnosed with acute viral hepatitis but, his abdominal pain was not resolving despite improvement in his liver function and general condition. During endoscopy an adult digenean worm was seen in the first part of the duodenum. After isolation, the worm was identified morphologically as Fasciolopsis buski . Microscogic examination of the patient’s stool revealed eggs with a morphology consistent with F. buski . Eggs were yellow-brown, ellipsoidal, unembmbryonated, operculated, filled with yolk cells, with thin shell and ranging 118–130 μm in length and 60–69 μm in width. The abdominal pain of the patient was resolved after treatment with praziquantel. By the present study, it was confirmed for the first time that fasciolopsiasis is indigenously transmitted in Nepal. Accordingly, the epidemiological studies in humans and reservoir host animals should be performed intensively in near future.

A review of Fasciolopsis buski distribution and control in Indonesia

“…Snails and aquatic vegetation thrive under these conditions. Consumption of snails and raw aquatic plants, such as lotus shoots and tubers, water chestnuts, water caltrops, and lotus and water bamboo, consumption of untreated river or pond water, and frequent contact with livestock are all risk factors for F. buski infection [27,28]. An endemic district in the HSU Regency is associated with a community practice of consuming sweet lotus fruit and tubers (Nymphaea spp.…”

An annotated checklist of the eukaryotic parasites of humans, exclusive of fungi and algae

“…Biliary ducts; ectopic migration to skin, brain (Tolan 2011). (Ma et al 2017;Sah et al 2019;Chai and Jung 2020).…”

“…Definitive hosts are pigs, rabbits, and canids. Zoonotic in humans ( Ma et al 2017 ; Sah et al 2019 ; Chai and Jung 2020 ).…”

Digestive tract trematodiases (invasions caused by intestinal flukes)

“…При массивной инвазии нарушается всасывание питательных веществ, витаминов. Метаболиты паразитов вызывают сенсибилизацию организма с развитием аллергических реакций [10][11][12][13].…”

“…Отмечаются потеря массы тела вплоть до кахексии, гиповитаминозы, анемия, у детей -отставание в физическом развитии. Фасциолопсидоз может осложняться развитием механической желтухи, кишечной непроходимостью, перфорацией тонкой кишки с перитонитом, аппендицитом [9][10][11]13].…”