An attempt to develop a multiple risk assessment scale for the yips in softball

Abstract

Many softball players suffer pitching and throwing yips. However, the facts regarding this problem have remained unknown. We attempted to develop a questionnaire to assess the risk of yips based on its causes, situations, and symptoms. A mixed method study was conducted for the above purposes. In Study 1, female university softball players (N = 97) suffering yips responded to an open-ended questionnaire on causes, situations, and symptoms of yips. These three aspects were