An attempt at an x‐ray analysis of embryonic processes

Harrison, Ross; Astbury, W. T.; Rudall, K. M.

doi:10.1002/jez.1400850302

Cited by 16 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…I believe this short series of experiments (3) illuminates the character and work of both Harrison and Astbury and illustrates the difficulties, practical and conceptual, in carrying out 'progressive experiments'. I shall begin by review ing briefly the embryological background of the time before going on to discuss in detail the approaches of Harrison and Astbury to their work and the outcome of their collaboration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Harrision was to make a trip to Germany under the auspices of the Rockefeller Foundation and intended to use part of the trip to spend some weeks in Leeds. Julian Huxley had been approached about a supply of axolotls (90) and Harrison had also prepared some freeze-dried specimens with Dr I. Gersh at the Johns Hopkins University Medical School (91).…”

Section: T He Collaborationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Harrison began the report of the collaborative study with a review of the evidence from embryonic transplantation experiments that changes in polarity and symmetry occurred during development and he concluded that the changes might be due to molecular re-arrangements, 'which might possibly be revealed by X-ray diffraction' (102).…”

Section: T He Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

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W. T. Astbury and Ross G. Harrison: the search for the molecular determination of form in the developing embryo

1980

Notes Rec. R. Soc. Lond.

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Amongst the Fellows elected to the Royal Society in 1941 were W. T. Astbury for his studies using X-ray analysis to study the structures of natural fibres, and amongst the Foreign Members elected that year was Ross G. Harrison for his contributions to embryology. Astbury and Harrison were very different in temperament, and worked in very different fields on either side of the Atlantic, yet they were united in their approach to the study of biological phenomena. Both Astbury and Harrison believed that the organization and form of biological materials whether wool fibres or the limb-bud in an amphibian embryo depended on molecular structure and pattern. Moreover both were concerned with dynamic aspects of form; Astbury’s greatest achievement was to demonstrate the dynamic, reversible folding and stretching of proteins in the k-m-e-f group, and Harrison looked to changing molecular patterns to account for changing symmetries in the developing embryo. It was this common approach that brought them together and led to Harrison spending a brief month in Leeds where they and K. M. Rudall performed what have been described as ‘truly progressive experiments in molecular biology’. I believe this short series of experiments illuminates the character and work of both Harrison and Astbury and illustrates the difficulties, practical and conceptual, in carrying out ‘progressive experiments’. I shall begin by reviewing briefly the embryological background of the time before going on to discuss in detail the approaches of Harrison and Astbury to their work and the outcome of their collaboration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: T He Collaborationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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W. T. Astbury and Ross G. Harrison: the search for the molecular determination of form in the developing embryo

1980

Notes Rec. R. Soc. Lond.

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Structure of hen's egg membranes

Wolken

1951

Anat. Rec.

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Factors influencing symmetry, posture and reduplication of the developing limb of Amblystoma punctatum

Nicholas

1958

Anat. Rec.

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ELEVEN FIGURESExperiments upon the developing forelimb of Aniblystoma punctatum have shown that it is an equipotential system, and that the later posture and asymmetry of the forelimb are dependent upon its relationship to the immediate organic surroundings, Harrison ( '21) , Detwiler ( '30) , Dctwiler and Maclean ('40). The present report is part of a series of experiments dealing with the effect 01 the rotation of the immediate surroundings of the limb bud.The experiments were devised to investigate whether the reaction of the developing limb to ils rotation in the einbryonic condition is controlled by factors developing from the rotated limb disc or by factors developing from tissues outside of this region. All the experinleiits show that wliile the limb is capable of undergoing changes by itself during development due to its relationship to the girdle the dominant factors controlling rotation are located in the surrounding tissues. The development of this region, the peribrachial area, gives rise to the factors which control the posture of the limb.The standard stage of limb operation (Stage 29, see Harrison, '2l), was used throughout these experiments. The limb disc and the peribrachial area were separated by operation and the components so separated were rotated independently varying their relationship to each other by a definite degree,

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An attempt at an x‐ray analysis of embryonic processes

Cited by 16 publications

References 16 publications

W. T. Astbury and Ross G. Harrison: the search for the molecular determination of form in the developing embryo

W. T. Astbury and Ross G. Harrison: the search for the molecular determination of form in the developing embryo

Structure of hen's egg membranes

Factors influencing symmetry, posture and reduplication of the developing limb of Amblystoma punctatum

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