An atomic switch realized with the scanning tunnelling microscope

Eigler, D. M.; Lutz, Christopher P.; Rudge, W. E.

doi:10.1038/352600a0

Cited by 781 publications

(493 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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The development of a variety of nanoscale applications 1, 2 requires the fabrication and control of atomic [3][4][5] or molecular switches 6, 7 that can be reversibly operated by light 8 , a short range force 9, 10 , electric current 11,12 or some other external stimulus [13][14][15] . In order for such molecules to be used as electronic components, they should be directly Fig.

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confidence: 99%

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A surface-anchored molecular four-level conductance switch based on single proton transfer

et al. 2011

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“…STM offers unique opportunities to operate individual switches on the atomic scale 3 . Not only can the local atomic or molecular configurations be probed before and after flipping the switch, but the operation process itself can be followed by recording for example current traces as a function of time 26 and even be modified 27 .…”

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A surface-anchored molecular four-level conductance switch based on single proton transfer

et al. 2011

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“…A number of devices based on gating the flow of electrons have been proposed, including quantum dots [153], organic molecules [154], carbon nanotubes [155], nanowires [156], and the motion of single atoms or molecules [157]. Other computation schemes, operating on different principles, include electrons confined in quantum dot cellular automatons [158,159], magnetic dot cellular automatons [160], and solutions of interacting DNA molecules [161,162].…”

Section: Chapter 10 Applications To New Emerging Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated logic synthesis using simulated annealing

Färm

Dubrova

Kuehlmann

2011

Proceedings of the 21st Edition of the Great Lakes Symposium on Great Lakes Symposium on VLSI

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KTH School of Information andCommunication Technology SE-164 40 Kista SWEDEN Akademisk avhandling som med tillstånd av Kungl Tekniska högskolan framlägges till offentlig granskning för avläggande av teknologie doktorsexamen i elektronik fredagen den 26 januari 2007 klockan 9.00 i Sal E, Forumhuset, Kungl Tekniska högskolan, Isafjordsgatan 39, Kista. © Petra Färm, januari 2007Tryck: Universitetsservice US AB iii Abstract A conventional logic synthesis flow is composed of three separate phases: technology independent optimization, technology mapping, and technology dependent optimization. A fundamental problem with such a three-phased approach is that the global logic structure is decided during the first phase without any knowledge of the actual technology parameters considered during later phases. Although technology dependent optimization algorithms perform some limited logic restructuring, they cannot recover from fundamental mistakes made during the first phase, which often results in non-satisfiable solutions.We present a global optimization approach combining technology independent optimization steps with technology dependent objectives in an annealing-based framework. We prove that, for the presented move set and selection distribution, detailed balance is satisfied and thus the annealing process asymptotically converges to an optimal solution. Furthermore, we show that the presented approach can smoothly trade-off complex, multiple-dimensional objective functions and achieve competitive results. The combination of technology independent and technology dependent objectives is handled through dynamic weighting. Dynamic weighting reflects the sensitivity of the local graph structures with respect to the actual technology parameters such as gate sizes, delays, and power levels. The results show that, on average, the presented advanced annealing approach can improve the area and delay of circuits optimized using the Boolean optimization technique provided by SIS with 11.2% and 32.5% respectively.Furthermore, we demonstrate how the developed logic synthesis framework can be applied to two emerging technologies, chemically assembled nanotechnology and molecule cascades. New technologies are emerging because a number of physical and economic factors threaten the continued scaling of CMOS devices. Alternatives to silicon VLSI have been proposed, including techniques based on molecular electronics, quantum mechanics, and biological processes. We are hoping that our research in how to apply our developed logic synthesis framework to two of the emerging technologies might provide useful information for other designers moving in this direction.iv

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“…Such a field can be used to manipulate polarized atoms and molecules, which will experience either an attractive or repulsive force, depending on the bias polarity. 38 In this paper we distinguish between these two phenomena by examining the effects of the bias voltage and the tip-sample separation on the desorption of adatoms.…”

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Writing with atoms: Oxygen adatoms on the MoO2/Mo(110) surface

et al. 2013

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Writing at the nanoscale using the desorption of oxygen adatoms from the oxygen-rich MoO2+x/Mo(110) surface is demonstrated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). High-temperature oxidation of the Mo(110) surface results in a strained, bulk-like MoO2(010) ultra-thin film with an OMo-O tri-layer structure. Due to the lattice mismatch between the Mo(110) and the MoO2(010), the latter consists of well-ordered molybdenum oxide nanorows separated by 2.5 nm. The MoO2(010)/Mo(110) structure is confirmed by STM data and density functional theory calculations.Further oxidation results in the oxygen-rich MoO2+x/Mo(110) surface, which exhibits perfectly aligned

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An atomic switch realized with the scanning tunnelling microscope

Cited by 781 publications

References 14 publications

A surface-anchored molecular four-level conductance switch based on single proton transfer

A surface-anchored molecular four-level conductance switch based on single proton transfer

Integrated logic synthesis using simulated annealing

Writing with atoms: Oxygen adatoms on the MoO2/Mo(110) surface

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