An Asymmetric Investigation of the Nexus Between Economic Policy Uncertainty, Knowledge Spillover, Climate Change, and Green Economy: Evidence From BRIC Nations
Abstract:The motivation of the study is to gauge the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU), knowledge spillover (KS), and climate change (CC) on green economy (GE) transition in BRIC nations for the period from 1991 to 2018. The study applied several unit root tests, including DF-GLS and Zivot–Andrew, for ascertaining the stationarity properties of variables. The long-run association between variables was detected by employing ARDL bound test, tBDM test, and Bayer and Hanck combined cointegration test. Furthermor… Show more
“…Anchoring bias is an emotional state of things that arises when investors attach undue attention to anchors that are statistically random and emotionally determined, leading to them making irrational judgments. This emotional state of affairs is known as “anchoring” ( Tseng, 2011 ; Liang and Qamruzzaman, 2022 ). Anchoring bias may also be understood as the tendency of investors to base their investment decisions on a factor that is illogically unrelated to the problem at hand, known as the inclination of investors to anchor their thinking.…”
Section: Literature Review and Hypothesis Developmentmentioning
To have enough financial literacy, an investor must be able to make intelligent investment choices, and on the other hand, the heuristic bias, the framing effect, cognitive illusions, and herd mentality are all variables that contribute to the formation of behavioral biases, also known as illogical conduct, in the decision-making process. The current research looks specifically at behavioral biases and financial literacy influence investment choices, particularly on stock market investment. For the research, a representative sample of 450 individual investors was evaluated. A structured questionnaire was designed using the Likert’s scale method to elicit the research variables, and the data acquired were analyzed using the SEM method. According to the findings, there was a statistically significant link between heuristic bias and the development of behavioral bias in decision-making. Nevertheless, cognitive illusions, the herd mentality, and the framing effect all have a deleterious impact on behavioral biases. In addition, investors often adhere to heuristic biases rather than other irrational strategies when making investment judgments. Therefore, individual investors’ financial literacy level greatly influences the choices made about investments in the stock market.
“…Anchoring bias is an emotional state of things that arises when investors attach undue attention to anchors that are statistically random and emotionally determined, leading to them making irrational judgments. This emotional state of affairs is known as “anchoring” ( Tseng, 2011 ; Liang and Qamruzzaman, 2022 ). Anchoring bias may also be understood as the tendency of investors to base their investment decisions on a factor that is illogically unrelated to the problem at hand, known as the inclination of investors to anchor their thinking.…”
Section: Literature Review and Hypothesis Developmentmentioning
To have enough financial literacy, an investor must be able to make intelligent investment choices, and on the other hand, the heuristic bias, the framing effect, cognitive illusions, and herd mentality are all variables that contribute to the formation of behavioral biases, also known as illogical conduct, in the decision-making process. The current research looks specifically at behavioral biases and financial literacy influence investment choices, particularly on stock market investment. For the research, a representative sample of 450 individual investors was evaluated. A structured questionnaire was designed using the Likert’s scale method to elicit the research variables, and the data acquired were analyzed using the SEM method. According to the findings, there was a statistically significant link between heuristic bias and the development of behavioral bias in decision-making. Nevertheless, cognitive illusions, the herd mentality, and the framing effect all have a deleterious impact on behavioral biases. In addition, investors often adhere to heuristic biases rather than other irrational strategies when making investment judgments. Therefore, individual investors’ financial literacy level greatly influences the choices made about investments in the stock market.
“…It might also result from misguided efforts to boost production factors and economic growth. High economic growth rates lead to a substantial rise in the energy needed to manufacture goods and services [24,107,108]. if more modern or energy-efficient technologies are not integrated into the production process.…”
From 2000 through 2020, this study examines the impacts of FDI, economic development, and globalization on E.D. in a sample of Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) nations. Data for the inquiry is gathered using a variety of tests, including the Westerlund cointegration test, the Dynamic seemingly unrelated regression (DSUR) long-run panel estimate approach, and the Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel causality test. Panel unit root tests reveal which variables are hidden where and after initial difference and long-run association documents have been processed using conventional and error-correcting methods. DSUR discovered a positive relationship between long-term energy use and environmental degradation, implying that greater energy consumption and total output would exacerbate the current condition of environmental degradation. Foreign direct investment (FDI), financial expansion, and globalization benefit the global economy more than harm the environment. Aside from the unidirectional impacts of financial development, globalization, and economic expansion on environmental degradation, directional causality studies demonstrate the presence of a feedback hypothesis that helps to explain these causal relationships. This research demonstrates the need for Belt and Road (B.R.) energy measures to improve energy efficiency.
“…It might also result from misguided efforts to boost production factors and economic growth. High economic growth rates lead to a substantial rise in the energy needed to manufacture goods and services [5,100,101] if more modern or energy-efficient technologies are not integrated into the production process. Empirical evidence supports the idea that F.D.…”
This research evaluates the effects of FDI, economic growth, and globalization on E.D. in a sample of Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries from 2000 to 2020. Various techniques, including the Westerlund cointegration test, the Dynamic seemingly unrelated regression (DSUR) long-run panel estimate methodology, and the Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel causality test, are used to collect data for the investigation. After initial difference and long-run association documents have been analyzed using conventional and error-correcting techniques, panel unit root tests indicate which variables are hidden where and why. DSUR revealed a positive correlation between long-term energy use and environmental degradation, meaning that increased energy consumption and production will aggravate the existing state of environmental deterioration. Foreign direct investment (FDI), financial growth, and globalization are more beneficial to the global economy than detrimental to the environment. In addition to the unidirectional effects of financial development, globalization, and economic growth on environmental degradation, directional causality investigations reveal the existence of a feedback hypothesis that helps to explain these causal links. This study highlights the need of Belt and Road (B.R.) energy measures to enhance energy efficiency.
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