An association study of asthma and total serum immunoglobin E levels for Toll‐like receptor polymorphisms in a Japanese population

Abstract

Our results indicate that polymorphisms in TLRs are not likely to be associated with the development of atopy-related phenotypes in a Japanese population.

The toll‐like receptor 2 (TLR2) ‐196 to ‐174 del/ins polymorphism affects viral loads and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C

“…In line with this finding, induction of IL-8, a cytokine upregulated in response to TLR2 triggering, was also reduced in carriers of the TLR2 -196 to -174 del allele. Thus, our findings confirm that differential in vitro trans-activation of TLR2 promoter constructs as shown by Noguchi et al 10 corresponds to functional differences, when cells from patients carrying different TLR2 22bp del/ins variants are stimulated. Taken together, these findings support the concept that reduced TLR2 signaling leads to less effective immune responses facilitating viral replication with increased HCV counts in the serum.…”

“…10 To check, if this polymorphism affects TLR2 expression on immune-competent cells, we performed in vitro stimulation experiments with PGN and HCV-NS3, which upregulate TLR2 expression on monocytes and macrophages. These experiments clearly indicated impaired upregulation of TLR2 to be associated with the TLR2 -196 to -174 del allele.…”

“…8,9 A 22-bp nucleotide deletion at position -196 to -174 of the untranslated 5 0 -region is associated with reduced transcriptional activity compared to the wild type allele in luciferase reporter assays. 10 This polymorphism has already been shown to be associated with an increased risk of noncardiac gastric cancer and susceptibility to cervical cancer. 11,12 As TLR2 is directly triggered by HCV proteins, we hypothesized that polymorphisms in the TLR2 gene may contribute to differences in the course of chronic HCV infection, in particular progression to HCC.…”

Effect of Toll-like receptor 4 gene polymorphisms on work-related respiratory symptoms and sensitization to wheat flour in bakery workers

“…15,16 Moreover, in Asian populations, no functional TLR4 polymorphisms related to asthma have yet been discovered. [17][18][19][20] Given that the bakery workplace is characterized by both endotoxin and allergen exposure, we investigated the association of TLR4 polymorphisms with work-related respiratory symptoms and sensitization to flour allergens to further clarify the role of TLR4 in the development of baker's asthma. In a Korean population, we detected no known nonsynonymous single nuclear polymorphism (SNP) such as G299/I399.…”

Genetic Variants of Toll-Like Receptor 2 and 5, Helicobacter Pylori Infection, and Risk of Gastric Cancer and Its Precursors in a Chinese Population

“…We selected potentially functional polymorphisms À688G>T and c. À196 to À174 ins>del to evaluate the influence of genetic susceptibility on risk of GC, and found a significant association between TLR2 c. À196 to À174 ins>del and GC risk. A study in vitro has revealed that TLR2 c. À196 to À174 ins>del variant has a reduced transcriptional activity (40). Another study has also shown that H. pylori-infected patients with TLR2 c. À196 to À 174 del genotype had lower risk of developing dyspeptic symptoms, suggesting that this polymorphism may modify H. pylori-related inflammatory response and outcome of H. pylori infection (41,42).…”