An Assessment of Wind Energy Potential in the Caspian Sea

Onea, Florin; Rusu, Eugen

doi:10.3390/en12132525

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…From a more global point of view, the search for new locations to utilize wind energy is not limited to the Middle East. In fact, an assessment to utilize the wind potential of the Caspian Sea has recently been done [11]. The paper indicated that the northern part of the Caspian Sea has the best potential for wind energy, obtaining wind speeds as high as 9 m/s.…”

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The paper indicated that the northern part of the Caspian Sea has the best potential for wind energy, obtaining wind speeds as high as 9 m/s. In their conclusion, they indicated that despite the fact that the Caspian Sea is associated with hydrocarbon extractions, there is interest to design an adequate wind farm according to the electricity demand of the coastal communities [11]. This concept is similar to Qatar's situation due to rich hydrocarbon resources.…”

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Qatar’s Wind Energy Potential with Associated Financial and Environmental Benefits for the Natural Gas Industry

Méndez

Biçer

2019

Energies

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This study analyzes the possibility to use the wind's kinetic energy to produce electricity in Northern Qatar for the natural gas processing industry. An evaluation of the wind potentiality is performed based on a thorough analysis of parameters such as wind speed and direction, temperature, atmospheric pressure, and air density. In addition, based on the measured parameters, a commercial wind turbine is selected, and a case study is presented in order to quantify the energy that a wind farm could produce and its environmental benefits. Furthermore, an economical assessment is made to quantify the repercussions that it could produce if this wind farm substitutes a fraction of the energy demand (within the oil and gas field) that is currently generated by traditional hydrocarbons.The results indicate that the environmental parameters, led by a 5.06 m/s wind speed mean, allow the production of wind energy in the area with an annual CO 2 savings of 6.813 tons in a 17 MW wind power plant. This enables Qatar to reduce its internal oil and gas consumption. As a result, the amount of hydrocarbon (natural gas) saved could be used for exportation purposes, generating a positive outcome for the economy with a cost savings of about 3.32 million US$ per year through such a small size wind power plant. From the energy production point of view, the natural parameters enable a single wind turbine to produce an average of 6995.26 MWh of electricity. Furthermore, the wind farm utilized in the case study is capable of generating an average of 34.976 MWh in a year.

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Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Previous Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qatar’s Wind Energy Potential with Associated Financial and Environmental Benefits for the Natural Gas Industry

Méndez

Biçer

2019

Energies

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“…The LCOE is an average price, and it is calculated as a quotient of costs and effects expressed in a current value (discounted) [24][25][26][27]:…”

Section: Levelized Cost Of Electricitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution of Hydropower Support Schemes in Poland and Their Assessment Using the LCOE Method

Godyń

Dubel

2021

Energies

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Hydropower as stable power installations play an important role among renewable energy sources. Yet, their share in renewable energy is small. Currently, it is only 10% of energy from renewable energy sources (RES), compared to 27% in 2010. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to assess the RES support schemes in Poland related to hydropower, such as green certificates, auctions and FIT, with the use of the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) analysis in order to determine which support scheme is best incentivizing hydropower development. The evolution of the hydropower support scheme in Poland is presented. The total LCOE and possible revenues from support systems for various segments of hydropower installations are graphically analyzed for two analysis periods (15 and 50 years) and for two discount rates (7% and 11.4%). The analysis shows the great importance of the support schemes in the profitability of the hydropower plants investments. The LCOE graphical analysis proves to be suitable for showing sensitivity analysis of capital and operating costs of various sizes of hydropower plants. The analysis shows that the LCOE in micro-power plants is usually higher than the support and revenues available in the green certificates or auctions or FIT schemes in Poland.

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“…In order to assess the distribution of the adverse weather intervals, some important harbor areas were taken into account, as seen in Figure 1 and Table 1. For the present work, these sites are defined approximately 30 km offshore, in order to cover a full range of maritime activities, including the development of an offshore wind project [16].…”

Section: Target Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Reported in the year 2018, there is some interest to implement wind projects in (semi) enclosed seas, this being the case of the North (62%), Irish (15%), and Baltic Sea (14%) while on the opposite side of the Atlantic Ocean is located with only 9% [14]. Beside these regions, some other important basins may become attractive for the implementation of an offshore project, from which we can mention the Mediterranean, Caspian or Black seas [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Analysis of the Black Sea Weather Windows

Onea

Rusu

2019

JMSE

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A particular aspect of the maritime operations involves available weather intervals, especially in the context of the emerging renewable energy projects. The Black Sea basin is considered for assessment in this work, by analyzing a total of 30-years (1987-2016) of high-resolution wind and wave data. Furthermore, using as reference, the operations thresholds of some installation vessels, some relevant case studies have been identified. The evaluation was made over the entire sea basin, but also for some specific sites located close to the major harbors. In general, the significant wave heights with values above 2.5 m present a maximum restriction of 6%, while for the western sector, a percentage value of 40% is associated to a significant wave height of 1 m. There are situations in which the persistence of a restriction reaches a maximum time interval of 96-h; this being the case of the sites Constanta, Sulina, Istanbul or Burgas. From a long-term perspective, it seems that there is a tendency of the waves to increase close to the Romanian, Bulgarian, and Turkish coastal environments-while an opposite trend is expected for the sites located on the eastern side.

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An Assessment of Wind Energy Potential in the Caspian Sea

Cited by 11 publications

References 29 publications

Qatar’s Wind Energy Potential with Associated Financial and Environmental Benefits for the Natural Gas Industry

Qatar’s Wind Energy Potential with Associated Financial and Environmental Benefits for the Natural Gas Industry

Evolution of Hydropower Support Schemes in Poland and Their Assessment Using the LCOE Method

Long-Term Analysis of the Black Sea Weather Windows

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