An Assessment of the Variation of Manure Nitrogen Efficiency throughout Europe and an Appraisal of Means to Increase Manure-N Efficiency

Webb, J.; Sørensen, Peter; Velthof, G.L.; Amon, Barbara; Pinto, M.; Rodhe, Lena; Salomon, Eva; Hutchings, Nicholas J.; Burczyk, P.; Reid, Joanne

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-407247-3.00007-x

Cited by 157 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…Amendments were incorporated within 31 h of application (1) to avoid N loss via ammonia volatilization Webb et al 2013), and (2) to increase crop N recovery (Schoenau and Davis 2006). About 9 days after the organic N sources were fall applied and after beds were formed (Table 4), we installed one buried bag in a bed center in each plot to measure overwinter N mineralization (described below).…”

Section: Treatments and Field Operationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The key roles of microbes indicate that fluctuating temperature and water content will affect these processes, especially seasonally (Cassman and Munns 1980;Eghball et al 2002;Cabrera et al 2005). Due to its importance, N mineralization and its management have often been reviewed (e.g., Cabrera et al 2005;Schoenau and Davis 2006;Webb et al 2013;Müller and Clough 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Winter and growing season nitrogen mineralization from fall-applied composted or stockpiled solid dairy manure

Lehrsch

Brown

Lentz

et al. 2016

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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Adequate characterization of nitrogen (N) mineralization with time from manure and other organic sources is needed to maximize manure N use efficiency, decrease producer costs, and protect groundwater quality. The objective of our 2-year field study at Parma, ID, was to quantify in situ N mineralization with time as affected by a one-time fall application of solid dairy manure, either composted or stockpiled. The experiment included five treatments: a non-N fertilized control, two first-year rates of stockpiled solid dairy manure (21.9 and 43.8 Mg ha -1 , dry wt.) and two rates (53.1 and 106.1 Mg ha -1 , dry wt.) of composted dairy manure (hereafter termed compost). Net N mineralized (mineralization less immobilization) was determined to a depth of 0.3 m by repeatedly measuring soil inorganic N (NH 4 -N ? NO 3 -N) concentrations in buried polyethylene bags. Overwinter mineralization was measured between amendment incorporation in fall and sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) planting the following spring. In-season mineralization was measured in situ for seven consecutive incubation periods during the c. 220-day growing season for furrow-irrigated sugarbeet. Net N mineralized often varied among amendments and from year to year through mid-season, likely due to seasonal variation in soil temperature, annual differences in amendment properties, and other factors.

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Section: Treatments and Field Operationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Winter and growing season nitrogen mineralization from fall-applied composted or stockpiled solid dairy manure

Lehrsch

Brown

Lentz

et al. 2016

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…The small values quoted for the UK imply that the manures are not applied using techniques to reduce ammonia emission. For solid poultry, manure FEs range from 30 % in the UK, the Flemish Region and Germany to 55-65 % in Denmark and the Netherlands (Webb et al, 2013; Table 9). In Ireland maximum FE for manure of 40 % have been reported (Hoekstra et al, 2011).…”

Section: Application Standards For Nitrogen From Manure and Fertilizermentioning

confidence: 99%

Management, regulation and environmental impacts of nitrogen fertilization in northwestern Europe under the Nitrates Directive; a benchmark study

et al. 2012

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Abstract. Implementation of the Nitrates Directive (NiD) and its environmental impacts were compared for member states in the northwest of the European Union (Ireland, United Kingdom, Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Northern France and Germany). The main sources of data were national reports for the third reporting period for the NiD (2004NiD ( -2007 and results of the MITERRA-EUROPE model. Implementation of the NiD in the considered member states is fairly comparable regarding restrictions for where and when to apply fertilizer and manure, but very different regarding application limits for N fertilization. Issues of concern and improvement of the implementation of the NiD are accounting for the fertilizer value of nitrogen in manure, and relating application limits for total nitrogen (N) to potential crop yield and N removal. The most significant environmental effect of the implementation of the NiD since 1995 is a major contribution to the decrease of the soil N balance (N surplus), particularly in Belgium, Denmark, Ireland, the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. This decrease is accompanied by a modest decrease of nitrate concentrations since 2000 in fresh surface waters in most countries. This decrease is less prominent for groundwater in view of delayed response of nitrate in deep aquifers. In spite of improved fertilization practices, the southeast of the Netherlands, the Flemish Region and Brittany remain to be regions of major concern in view of a combination of a high nitrogen surplus, high leaching fractions to groundwater and tenacious exceedance of the water quality standards. On average the gross N balance in 2008 for the seven member states in EU-ROSTAT and in national reports was about 20 kg N ha −1 yr −1 lower than by MITERRA. The major cause is higher estimates of N removal in national reports which can amount to more than 50 kg N ha −1 yr −1 . Differences between procedures in member states to assess nitrogen balances and waterPublished by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. H. J. M. van Grinsven et al.: Benchmarking the Nitrates Directive in northwestern Europequality and a lack of cross-boundary policy evaluations are handicaps when benchmarking the effectiveness of the NiD. This provides a challenge for the European Commission and its member states, as the NiD remains an important piece of legislation for protecting drinking water quality in regions with many private or small public production facilities and controlling aquatic eutrophication from agricultural sources.

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“…Despite the amount of NH 4 + -N added by LF represent only 62% of NH 4 + -N added by Mineral, the lower N losses from LF could be related with the slow-release characteristics on the N availability as mineral forms at short term and long term periods (Gutser et al, 2005;Webb et al, 2013). On the other hand, NH 3 losses could have also been important in the case of LF treatments, although LF was mixed with the soil (Pereira et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The intensive cattle production generates large amounts of slurries (liquid manure) that are commonly applied to agricultural soils to recycle nutrients to plants, mainly nitrogen (N) and phosphorous, and increase or maintain the soil organic matter contents (Webb et al, 2013). Nowadays, the surface of agricultural soil available to receive the derived slurry tends to diminish while livestock production continues to increase (duplication in 2050).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide and nitrous oxide emissions from cattle-slurry and mineral fertiliser treated with nitrification inhibitor to an agricultural soil: A laboratory approach

Pereira

Coutinho

Fangueiro

et al. 2015

Span. j. agric. res.

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The application of organic and mineral fertilisers to soil can result in increased gaseous emissions to the atmosphere such as nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) gases. The aim of this study was to evaluate under laboratory conditions the effects on mineral N dynamics and NO and N 2 O emissions of application to soil of cattle slurry derived liquid fraction (LF) obtained by screw press and mineral fertiliser (MF), both treated with or without the nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP). An aerobic laboratory incubation was performed over 93 days with a Dystric Cambisol amended with mechanically separated LF or mineral fertiliser ammonium sulphate only or combined with DMPP. Two additional treatments were included: soil only and soil amended with DMPP. Nitrogen immobilisation was the dominant process with MF amendment, whereas N mineralisation has been observed with LF. The application of LF reduced significantly NO emissions by 80% relative to mineral but no differences were observed with N 2 O emissions. The addition of DMPP to MF induced a decrease of 18 and 29% in NO and N 2 O emissions whereas DMPP combined with LF reduced (numerically but not statistically) these emissions in 20 and 10%, respectively. Results obtained in our study suggest that N (NO + N 2 O) losses can be mitigated by adding DMPP to mineral fertilisers or replacing mineral fertiliser by LF.Additional key words: carbon dioxide; DMPP; N emissions; N mineralisation; solid-liquid separation.

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An Assessment of the Variation of Manure Nitrogen Efficiency throughout Europe and an Appraisal of Means to Increase Manure-N Efficiency

Cited by 157 publications

References 133 publications

Winter and growing season nitrogen mineralization from fall-applied composted or stockpiled solid dairy manure

Winter and growing season nitrogen mineralization from fall-applied composted or stockpiled solid dairy manure

Management, regulation and environmental impacts of nitrogen fertilization in northwestern Europe under the Nitrates Directive; a benchmark study

Nitric oxide and nitrous oxide emissions from cattle-slurry and mineral fertiliser treated with nitrification inhibitor to an agricultural soil: A laboratory approach

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