An assessment of the quality of various bottled mineral water marketed in Turkey

Abstract

Fifteen bottled mineral waters purchased at random all over Turkey were analyzed for their chemical composition by OPTIMA-2000 ICP-AES Perkin Elmer techniques. Results show a wide spread in the chemical specification of these mineral waters, with differences in chemical composition observed in the regions being due to the geological environment and the majority of bottled mineral waters exceeding the pH limit of Turkish drinking water standards. When the concentrations of elements are evaluated, it can readily be seen that generally there are three types of mineral water in Turkey. The concentrations of Al, B, Ba, Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn Pb and Zn in mineral water were compared with the limits established by the Turkish Standard for Natural Mineral Waters (Turkish Official Gazette 2004); water standards prepared by World Health Organization (2006) and the United States of America Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) drinking water standards (1993). Such a comparison shows that, except for Ba and Mn, the concentrations of the other heavy metals are lower than the limit of the US. EPA in Turkey. Some parameters examined were found to comprise strong correlations pair-wise.

Physico-Chemical and Bacterial Evaluation of Packaged Drinking Water Marketed in Delhi - Potential Public Health Implications

“…The analyses were done by using American Public Health Association (APHA 18 th edition 1992) guidelines [19]. Analyses included physical and aggregate properties such as colour, odour, turbidity, total dissolved solids, total alkalinity and total hardness; major non-metallic, inorganic constituents such as pH, chloride, fluoride, and sulphate; major and trace metals including sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (B), nickel In this study, the mean value of lead was found to be more than the FDA standard value, which was in agreement with findings of the study done by Salam et al, [24] Contrary results were found in the studies done by Soylak M et al, [25], Akpoborie and Ehwarimo [26], Babaji et al, [27], Saeed et al, [28] and Baba et al, [20], in which the lead levels were lesser than the standard values. There was only a marginal increase in the mean value of copper in bottled water as compared to the Indian standards.…”

Accuracy of bottled drinking water label content

“…In contrast, literature indicates that in other countries the levels of these essential elements in some bottled water are either lower or higher than the recommended level of the countries' standard limits (Ikem et al 2002;Pip 2002;Mahajan et al 2006;Baba et al 2008). Since the levels of the study research elements are within the range, therefore, there should be no serious concern regarding the health-effects due to these elements.…”

Determination of cadmium and lead in human biological samples by spectrometric techniques: a review

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