An assessment of the impact of asylum policies in Europe, 1990-2000: Home Office research study 259

Zetter, Roger; Griffiths, David; Ferretti, S; Pearl, Martyn

doi:10.1037/e454982008-001

“…Forced migrations are especially sensitive to any kind of change in the asylum policies (number of granted requests, rights of asylum seekers, asylum processes…) and the border regimes (immigration policies, oversight and border control). Studies so far have shown that at the beginning of their journey, most asylum seekers are not informed on the differences in the asylum policies between countries and that they do not travel according to a predetermined itinerary towards a predetermined destination (Hatton, 2004;Havinga and Böcker, 1999;Koser and Pinkerton, 2002;Zetter et al, 2003). The decision on the final destination is often made during the journey itself.…”

Section: Important Aspects Of Modern Forced Migration Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Searching for a refuge from violence and persecution is the most important, but not the only reason (Van Hear, 2012). The other motives are often the main reason, why some forced migrants do not look for refuge in the first safe country (in the case of the EU, these are the countries on the outer border), but look for safety in countries, in which they have relatives and friends, countries with a higher economic standard and a high level of protection for asylum seekers and refugees (Brekke and Aarset, 2009;Hatton, 2004;Havinga and Böcker, 1999;Neumayer, 2004;Zetter et al, 2003).…”

Section: Important Aspects Of Modern Forced Migration Flowsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Changing Spatiality of the “European Refugee/Migrant Crisis”

Rogelj

¹

2017

MET

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SUMMARYThe "European refugee/migrant crisis" is a geopolitical designation with which the media, politics and the general public have labelled the arrival of a large number of refugees into the European Union in 2015 and 2016. The article analyses the spatial distribution of asylum seekers in the European Union during the 2011-2016 period. It focuses on how changes of the border regimes on the external and internal borders of the European Union have influenced the movement of asylum seekers and the spatial distribution of asylum applications during the "crisis". It raises attention to the growing importance of the militarisation of borders and the securitisation of migration flows for the spatial distribution of the asylum applicants. The research is based on the analysis of the Eurostat data on the total number of asylum applicants in member states between 2011 and 2016. Although changes in border regimes were not the only factor influencing the spatial distribution of asylum seekers during the "European refugee/migrant crisis", their effects can be used to demonstrate the restrictions asylum seekers are facing on their journey. The main aim of the article is to reflect on the use of the geographical designation "Europe"/"European" in the context of the "refugee/migrant crisis". Using this designation creates the perception of a unified, borderless space, in which individuals can freely choose their asylum destination. The discourse of "the European refugee/migrant crisis" often presents the European Union as "an open asylum shopping centre" in which asylum seekers can pick whatever host they want. The article opposes this notion and emphasises the limitations and the effect that contingency plays in the choice of asylum destination.

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“…Hailbronner (2000), Schuster (2000), Zetter et al (2003), Thielemann (2004), Gibney and Hansen (2005), and Hatton (2004Hatton ( , 2009) provide comprehensive overviews of asylum policies in developed nations. 3 Here we briefly summarize the most important developments.…”

Section: Spatial Dependence Among Destination Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Dependence in Asylum Migration

Barthel¹,

Neumayer²

2014

Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies

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Existing refugees in a destination country from the same source country reduce the uncertainty faced by subsequent asylum migrants since existing refugees can provide information and assistance. We argue that such network effects extend beyond the borders of specific source countries. Potential asylum migrants might also be able to draw on networks from geographically proximate as well as linguistically similar countries and from countries having previously been colonized by the same destination country, thus creating spatial dependence in asylum migration among source countries. Many destination countries meanwhile aspire to reduce the inflow of migrants by tightening their asylum policies. Target countries which restrict their policies relatively more than other destinations deflect some asylum migrants to geographically proximate destination countries, thus creating spatial dependence among target countries. We find evidence for both types of spatial dependence in our global analysis of asylum migration.However, while statistically significant, the degree of spatial dependence among target countries is modest. On the source side, there is evidence for modest spatial dependence among linguistically similar countries and no evidence for spatial dependence among countries which were previously colonized by the same destination country. By contrast, we find substantial spatial dependence among geographically proximate source countries.2

show abstract

“…Hailbronner (2000), Schuster (2000), Zetter et al (2003), Thielemann (2004), Gibney and Hansen (2005), and Hatton (2004Hatton ( , 2009) provide comprehensive overviews of asylum policies in developed nations. 3 Here we briefly summarize the most important developments.…”

Section: Spatial Dependence Among Destination Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Dependence in Asylum Migration

Barthel

¹

,

Neumayer

²

2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Existing refugees in a destination country from the same source country reduce the uncertainty faced by subsequent asylum migrants since existing refugees can provide information and assistance. We argue that such network effects extend beyond the borders of specific source countries. Potential asylum migrants might also be able to draw on networks from geographically proximate as well as linguistically similar countries and from countries having previously been colonized by the same destination country, thus creating spatial dependence in asylum migration among source countries. Many destination countries meanwhile aspire to reduce the inflow of migrants by tightening their asylum policies. Target countries which restrict their policies relatively more than other destinations deflect some asylum migrants to geographically proximate destination countries, thus creating spatial dependence among target countries. We find evidence for both types of spatial dependence in our global analysis of asylum migration.However, while statistically significant, the degree of spatial dependence among target countries is modest. On the source side, there is evidence for modest spatial dependence among linguistically similar countries and no evidence for spatial dependence among countries which were previously colonized by the same destination country. By contrast, we find substantial spatial dependence among geographically proximate source countries.2

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An assessment of the impact of asylum policies in Europe, 1990-2000: Home Office research study 259

Cited by 35 publications

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The Changing Spatiality of the “European Refugee/Migrant Crisis”

The Changing Spatiality of the “European Refugee/Migrant Crisis”

Spatial Dependence in Asylum Migration

Spatial Dependence in Asylum Migration

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