An Assessment of the Effectiveness of Sketch Representations in Early Stage Digital Design

Hannibal, Claire; Brown, André; Knight, Michael

doi:10.1260/1478077053739667

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For example, when high photorealism is used, a sketchy proposal can be understood as a fixed solution. Hannibal et al. (2005) pointed out that a high level of realism could lead to an overly definite and non-negotiable expression, thus suggesting that the project plans cannot be changed.…”

Section: Five Identified Challenges For Implementation Of Visualizatimentioning

confidence: 99%

In search of visualization challenges: The development and implementation of visualization tools for supporting dialogue in urban planning processes

Billger

Thuvander

Wästberg

2016

Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science

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Today, urban planning processes involve many stakeholders and efficient dialogue tools are needed to support communication in transdisciplinary environments. The aim of our study is to identify visualization challenges in urban planning. Based on a state of the art study and a thematic analysis of 114 articles, published in 2004–2014 and found through snowball sampling, the development and implementation of digital visualization tools for dialogue are discussed. A wide range of examples of visualization tools for dialogue has been found; either based on 2D maps, 3D environments or gaming. The initiators of the development originate from different disciplines, such as geographic information (GI) science, computer graphics, 3D modelling, Virtual Reality, interaction design and urban planning. There has been an increasing amount of usability studies during recent years. There is a tendency for the usability studies to have gone from experimental and prototype studies to more and more concern real planning processes and implementation. Studies of implemented tools in real planning processes are, however, still rare. Gaming appears more and more frequently. Challenges are related to integration of qualitative and quantitative data, representation of data as regard appropriate levels of realism and detailing, as well as the user’s experience and the appearance of the digital models. There is a need to consider how we can achieve the full potential of visualization tools, including optimal effectiveness of visualization tools and processes for dialogue as well as how they can be implemented. Organizational preparedness is necessary, including clear ownership, allocation of resources for maintenance, competence and access to tools and technology.

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Section: Five Identified Challenges For Implementation Of Visualizatimentioning

confidence: 99%

In search of visualization challenges: The development and implementation of visualization tools for supporting dialogue in urban planning processes

Billger

Thuvander

Wästberg

2016

Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science

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“…First, the granularity of the model may have an influence on the way it is, in itself, understood and mobilized by the stakeholders (especially laypersons in design). In the domain of architectural plans, it is recognized that sketchy representations (less accurate, less complete) are judged more open, less finite and more effective supports for creativity than conventional CAD representations [37]. The second explanation may relate to the definition of the design problem; working on a single waiting room space may be over-constrained, and not supporting rich discussions, whereas the other briefs opened a larger space of exploration with regard to the right level of constraints.…”

Section: Feedbackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ergonomics in design and design in ergonomics: Issues and experience in education

Safin

Pintus

Elsen

2020

WOR

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BACKGROUND: Articulating design and ergonomics skills through education is a major challenge for both fields. Indeed, professional ergonomists are increasingly deeply involved in design processes, and ergonomics education should train them in design skills. As courses in ergonomics education are often time-constrained, it is difficult to mobilize students in real-scale projects and to involve them in design processes. Conversely, activity analysis and active involvement of users in design projects (through co-creation or co-design processes) are rarely convened in architecture and design curricula. OBJECTIVE: It is therefore necessary to develop effective and relevant pedagogical settings, enabling students of both fields to develop their abilities and equip them to act in concrete design situations. METHODS: In this paper, we describe a large-scale pedagogical setting involving groups of students from different disciplines gathered around a real-scale design project (re-shaping the waiting room of a mental health center). The ergonomics students’ main task is to analyze the needs and real activities of end-users; the interior design students’ task is to produce the design project. This communication more precisely focuses on describing the ergonomics students’ fieldwork and the practical and pedagogical innovations put in place to help them face the various challenges encountered during the project. RESULTS: Based on formal feedback from students, teachers and stakeholders, we address three main challenges: (1) dealing with the temporal constraints of the intervention, (2) documenting and observing a sensitive situation and (3) involving end-users to place them at the core of the design process. For each challenge, we describe the issue at stake, the work conducted to deal with this issue, and eventually the feedback collected from students, teachers and stakeholders. CONCLUSION: The paper concludes with an analysis of success and failure factors for such pedagogical settings, in particular for physical enquiry devices, co-creation processes, and co-constructed pedagogical settings. It shows the impact of these settings for students, but highlight that collaboration between ergonomists and designers is a key issue for learning in a positive experience.

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“…In 3D geoinformation, the influence of different representations has mostly been evaluated in urban planning and related domains in which the visual impression is the main decisive factor (Ellul & Altenbuchner, 2013;Hannibal, Brown, & Knight, 2005;Herbert & Chen, 2015;Kibria, Zlatanova, Itard, & Dorst, 2009;Rautenbach, Çöltekin, & Coetzee, 2015).…”

Section: Representation-induced Errormentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of acquisition error and level of detail on the accuracy of spatial analyses

Biljecki

Heuvelink

Ledoux

et al. 2017

Cartography and Geographic Information Science

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There has been a great deal of research about errors in geographic information and how they affect spatial analyses. A typical GIS process introduces various types of errors at different stages, and such errors usually propagate into errors in the result of a spatial analysis. However, most studies consider only a single error type thus preventing the understanding of the interaction and relative contributions of different types of errors. We focus on the level of detail (LOD) and positional error, and perform a multiple error propagation analysis combining both types of error. We experiment with three spatial analyses (computing gross volume, envelope area, and solar irradiation of buildings) performed with procedurally generated 3D city models to decouple and demonstrate the magnitude of the two types of error, and to show how they individually and jointly propagate to the output of the employed spatial analysis. The most notable result is that in the considered spatial analyses the positional error has a much higher impact than the LOD. As a consequence, we suggest that it is pointless to acquire geoinformation of a fine LOD if the acquisition method is not accurate, and instead we advise focusing on the accuracy of the data. ARTICLE HISTORY

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An Assessment of the Effectiveness of Sketch Representations in Early Stage Digital Design

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

In search of visualization challenges: The development and implementation of visualization tools for supporting dialogue in urban planning processes

In search of visualization challenges: The development and implementation of visualization tools for supporting dialogue in urban planning processes

Ergonomics in design and design in ergonomics: Issues and experience in education

The effect of acquisition error and level of detail on the accuracy of spatial analyses

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