An assessment of postcranial indices, ratios, and body mass versus eco‐geographical variables of prehistoric Jomon, Yayoi agriculturalists, and Kumejima Islanders of Japan

Seguchi, Noriko; Quintyn, Conrad B.; Yonemoto, Shiori; Takamuku, Hirofumi

doi:10.1002/ajhb.23015

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In regard to the Yayoi people, their limb and body proportions are similar to those in modern high-latitude populations in cold climates (Seguchi et al, 2017;Tahara & Kaifu, 2015;Temple et al, 2008). A previous study (Seguchi et al, 2017) proposed several possible evolutionary models to explain this result in the Jomon people: (a) the Jomon people have retained an ancestral physique associated with the climate; (b) micro-evolutionary adaptation induced by climatic change occurred during the Jomon period; and (c) the nutritional status and specific physical activities of the Jomon people affected their growth and development. Although the cause of this remains unknown, thermoregulatory adaptation would have differed between the Jomon and Yayoi peoples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Another study reported finding a relationship between the limb and body proportions of the Jomon people. While the body proportions of the Jomon people display “wide” body breadths, which are adaptations associated with colder climates, their limb proportions are similar to those in people from tropical climates (Seguchi, Conrad, Yonemoto, & Takamuku, ; Tahara & Kaifu, ; Temple, Auerbach, Nakatsukasa, Sciulli, & Larsen, ). In regard to the Yayoi people, their limb and body proportions are similar to those in modern high‐latitude populations in cold climates (Seguchi et al, ; Tahara & Kaifu, ; Temple et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…While the body proportions of the Jomon people display “wide” body breadths, which are adaptations associated with colder climates, their limb proportions are similar to those in people from tropical climates (Seguchi, Conrad, Yonemoto, & Takamuku, ; Tahara & Kaifu, ; Temple, Auerbach, Nakatsukasa, Sciulli, & Larsen, ). In regard to the Yayoi people, their limb and body proportions are similar to those in modern high‐latitude populations in cold climates (Seguchi et al, ; Tahara & Kaifu, ; Temple et al, ). A previous study (Seguchi et al, ) proposed several possible evolutionary models to explain this result in the Jomon people: (a) the Jomon people have retained an ancestral physique associated with the climate; (b) micro‐evolutionary adaptation induced by climatic change occurred during the Jomon period; and (c) the nutritional status and specific physical activities of the Jomon people affected their growth and development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Does obstetric protection apply to small‐bodied females?: A comparison between small‐bodied Jomon foragers and large‐bodied Yayoi agriculturalists in the prehistoric Japanese archipelago

Takamuku¹

2019

American J Hum Biol

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Objectives This study examined the relationship between maternal pelvic and body size in the transition from the Middle‐Final Jomon period (c. 5000–3000 BC) to the Middle Yayoi period (c. 400~200 BC to around AD 1) in Japan. Methods Eight measurements, including the left hip bone, articulated pelvis, and femur, were taken from Jomon (females: 37, males: 26) and Yayoi skeletal remains (females: 32, males: 29). Results A statistically significant decrease in the anterior diameter of the true pelvic inlet was demonstrated in females from the Jomon to the Yayoi period, but not in males. While significant increases in stature from the Jomon to the Yayoi period were found in both males and females, no significant changes in body mass were seen. The correlation coefficients between true and false pelvic measurements (maximum pelvic height and maximum pelvic breadth) and body size (stature and body mass) suggested few significant relationships between true and false pelvic measurements or body size among the samples, but no significant correlations in small‐bodied Jomon females. Results of principal component analysis using the log‐size and log‐shape variables suggested that the true pelvic size in Jomon and Yayoi females was not correlated with their general pelvic or body size, and there were correlations between sexually dimorphic aspects of true pelvis shape and either the false pelvis or body size in males but not females. Conclusions These results suggest that the obstetrical dimensions in small‐bodied Jomon females were maintained for obstetric needs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Does obstetric protection apply to small‐bodied females?: A comparison between small‐bodied Jomon foragers and large‐bodied Yayoi agriculturalists in the prehistoric Japanese archipelago

Takamuku¹

2019

American J Hum Biol

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“…Jantz & Devlin, 2016; Jantz & Meadows Jantz, 2017; Meadows & Jantz, 1995), human variation (e.g. Auerbach, 2012; Livshits et al, 2002; Seguchi et al, 2017; Tilkens et al, 2007), and growth and development (e.g. Bareggi et al, 1996; Frelat & Mitteroecker, 2011; Temple et al, 2011; Waxenbaum et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An alternative size variable for allometric investigations in subadults

Chu

Stull

Sylvester

2022

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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OBJECTIVES:Effective allometry research relies on appropriate size variables; however, two of the largest obstacles in subadult (ontogenetic) allometry research is small sample sizes and unknown dimensions. This study overcomes a barrier of ontogenetic allometry research by proposing alternative size variables that do not require additional calculations for use in subadult allometry research and retain general patterns among long bones when stature is used for size.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diaphyseal measurements, stature, and age were collected from computed tomography (CT) and full-body radiographic images for a sample of subadults between birth and 13 years from the United States (U.S., n = 308) and South Africa (Z.A., n = 25). Nineteen alternative size variables were evaluated using reduced-major-axis regression to identify the closest one-to-one relationship to stature. The applicability across samples was then evaluated using the selected alternative size variables.RESULTS: Radius midshaft breadth (RMSB), femur midshaft breadth (FMSB), and the geometric mean of midshaft breadths (GM midshaft) yielded the closest isometric relationships to stature. Allometric relationships among long bones are maintained when using stature, FMSB, and GM midshaft as size variables for both the U.S. and Z.A. samples. DISCUSSION: A large, modern dataset facilitated an investigation into alternative size variables that can be used for single-bone ontogenetic allometry. Generalizability of the model suggests FMSB and GM midshaft are persistent across populations. This methodology identifies alternative size variables appropriate for other allometry research and offers a robust approach even when historically relied upon size variables are unknown.

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“…Furthermore, the 'standard' template itself varies among ancestral lineages, populations and species because of the evolutionary history of each (e.g. [25][26][27]). The biomedical engineering world has responded to this with the use of patient-specific models because, in patients, a direct relationship exists between a particular morphology (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of musculoskeletal modelling of human locomotion

2021

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Locomotion through the environment is important because movement provides access to key resources, including food, shelter and mates. Central to many locomotion-focused questions is the need to understand internal forces, particularly muscle forces and joint reactions. Musculoskeletal modelling, which typically harnesses the power of inverse dynamics, unites experimental data that are collected on living subjects with virtual models of their morphology. The inputs required for producing good musculoskeletal models include body geometry, muscle parameters, motion variables and ground reaction forces. This methodological approach is critically informed by both biological anthropology, with its focus on variation in human form and function, and mechanical engineering, with a focus on the application of Newtonian mechanics to current problems. Here, we demonstrate the application of a musculoskeletal modelling approach to human walking using the data of a single male subject. Furthermore, we discuss the decisions required to build the model, including how to customize the musculoskeletal model, and suggest cautions that both biological anthropologists and engineers who are interested in this topic should consider.

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An assessment of postcranial indices, ratios, and body mass versus eco‐geographical variables of prehistoric Jomon, Yayoi agriculturalists, and Kumejima Islanders of Japan

Abstract: The complex interaction of evolutionary forces and development/nutritional constraints are implicated in the mismatch of limb and body proportions.

Cited by 5 publications

References 96 publications

Does obstetric protection apply to small‐bodied females?: A comparison between small‐bodied Jomon foragers and large‐bodied Yayoi agriculturalists in the prehistoric Japanese archipelago

Does obstetric protection apply to small‐bodied females?: A comparison between small‐bodied Jomon foragers and large‐bodied Yayoi agriculturalists in the prehistoric Japanese archipelago

An alternative size variable for allometric investigations in subadults

A review of musculoskeletal modelling of human locomotion

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