An Assessment of Immune Response to Canine Distemper Vaccination in Dogs Experimentally Infected with Ancylostoma and Trypanosome Parasites

Abstract

The immunological alteration in vaccinated dogs with single hookworm, Ancylostoma caninum (A. c) and conjunct infection with Trypanosoma congolense (T. c) and Trypanosoma brucei (T. b) was determined. Sixteen dogs grouped into 4 of 4 members each were used. Group 1 was the uninfected control, GPII was infected with A. c, GPIII was infected with A. c /T. c, and GPIV was infected with T. b/A. c. The dogs were first inoculated with canine distemper (CD) vaccine before infection with A. c 4 weeks post vaccination. Two weeks later, both GPIII and GPIV were superposed with trypanosome infection. Prepatent period of A. c was 14 to 16 days in single A. c group and 13 to 14 days in conjunct trypanosome/A. c.

Evaluation of Antibody Titre of Dogs Vaccinated against Canine Distemper in Jos, Plateau State

“…The animals that were given booster dose of canine distemper vaccine showed higher antibody titre than those that were not given. This was in accordance with Latha et al, 2006;Eghafona et al (2007) and Nwoha and Anene (2015) who state that secondary vaccinations increase the antibody titre in the animal.…”

“…In this area of study, CDV is endemic and is the cause of clinically important diseases in dogs associated with high mortality and morbidity rates. This correlated well with what was reported in literature (Eghafona., et al 2007;Nwoha and Anene, 2015). Investigation of immune status following vaccination using standard procedures like the hemagglutination inhibition (HI), serum neutralization (SN) and immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) has not been practicable in Nigeria in view of the cost and other limitations associated with these tests (such as trained personnel and time constraint) as has been the case even in some advanced countries of the world .…”

“…According to Wanner et al (1998), this could be done between 8 -16 weeks of age of the dog. Tizard, (1998), Waner et al (2004);Oyedele et al (2004) and Schultz (2006), complete administration of primary doses of vaccine against CDV enhances adequate production of antibodies against the disease Schultz, (200) and Nwoha and Anene (2015) reported that secondary vaccinations increase antibody titre, against the disease thereby increasing protecting the animal against the disease.…”