An assessment of hepatitis B vaccine introduction in India: Lessons for roll out and scale up of new vaccines in immunization programs

Lahariya, Chandrakant; Subramanya, BP; Sosler, Stephen

doi:10.4103/0019-557x.111357

Cited by 66 publications

(65 citation statements)

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“…103 Government of India has included HBV vaccine in the National universal immunization program in the entire country in 2011-12. 104 The pentavalent vaccine that included hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae in addition to diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus was initially tried in a pilot study (in Kerala and Tamil Nadu). After encouraging results, the program was extended to the states of Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Puducherry, and Tamil Nadu.…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HCWs were often reluctant to open 10-dose vials of vaccine if only one or two children were available for vaccinations, because they were concerned about wastage. 104 A recent study has evaluated the effect of inclusion of HBV vaccine in universal immunization program in India. 107 However, a critical look at the study shows that the immunological benefits of HBV vaccination leave a lot to be desired.…”

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tackling the Hepatitis B Disease Burden in India

Puri

2014

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

119

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Globally, approximately 240 people have been infected worldwide with hepatitis B Virus (HBV). India has approximately HBV carrier rate of 3.0% with a high prevalence rate in the tribal population. With a population of more than 1.25 billion, India has more than 37 million HBV carriers and contributes a large proportion of this HBV burden. While horizontal transmission in childhood appears to be a major route of transmission, the role of vertical transmission is probably underestimated. Blood transfusion and unsafe therapeutic injections continue to be important modes of transmission of HBV. There is a need for large field studies to better understand HBV epidemiology and identify high prevalence areas, and public health measures to prevent disease transmission and decrease the burden of the disease. ( J CLIN EXP HEPATOL 2014;4:312-319)

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Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tackling the Hepatitis B Disease Burden in India

Puri

2014

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology

119

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“…Recently a pentavalent vaccine, which also protects against HBV has been introduced in some states. 8 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Profile of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Attending Tertiary Care Centre in Eastern India

Chakraverty¹,

Chakraborty²,

Bhattacharjee³

2016

jemds

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AIMSA cross-sectional Study, performed in two tertiary care referral clinics to determine the clinical profile of Hepatitis B patients attending tertiary care centres in Eastern India. Patients were segregated as symptomatic and asymptomatic. RESULTSThe age of the patients varied from 16-76 years. The mean age of the patients was found to be 34.54 years with a standard deviation of 13.53 years. Only 16% of the patients were symptomatic on presentation. Common clinical features were nausea (22%), splenomegaly (22%), jaundice (13%), abdominal pain (19%) and hepatomegaly (10%). Bilirubin and alanine transaminase (ALT) levels were significantly higher in symptomatic patients. Strong significant positive correlation found between AST and Bilirubin (r=0.346), p value=0.0004; ALT and Bilirubin are positively correlated (r=0.298), p value=0.003; ALT and AST are positively correlated(r=0.710), p value=<0.0001; ALT and Albumin are positively correlated(r=0.216), p value=0.031(Moderate significant correlation) in the entire study population. CONCLUSIONThe current study demonstrates the clinical and biochemical features that a hepatitis B infected patient may present with. Most of the patients with hepatitis B are asymptomatic (84%) on presentation. To our knowledge, this is the first paper reported from Eastern India in recent times which has shed a light on the differences in the pattern of the biochemical parameters among the symptomatic and asymptomatic hepatitis B infected patients.

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“…A A A A R R R R R C C C C C H P H P H P H P H P A A A A A P P P P P E E E E E R R R R R Though data on coverage and drop-out rates of hepatitis B vaccine in the Indian setting are available [8], no data are yet available on the effectiveness of HB immunization in field settings. We therefore conducted this study in two retrospective cohorts of children, one consisting of those who had received hepatitis B immunization under field conditions and the other of those who had not.…”

Section: R R R R R E E E E E S S S S S E E E E E Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In India, 2-4% of healthy population has chronic HBV infection [7]. Government of India has included hepatitis B vaccine in the National universal immunization program in the entire country in 2011-12 [8]. Initially, a 3-dose schedule of 6, 10 and 14 weeks or of 0, 6 and 14 weeks (if birth dose could be given) was used; this was later changed to 6, 10 and 14 weeks with an additional dose being given within 24 hours of birth, where possible.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of inclusion of hepatitis B vaccine in childhood immunization program in India: A retrospective cohort study

et al. 2014

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Objective: To assess the effectiveness of hepatitis B immunization program in a field setting in India.Design: Serological survey of retrospective cohorts of children, vaccinated or not vaccinated with hepatitis B vaccine. Results: Anti-HBs positivity was higher among immunized than in unimmunized children (53% vs.18%; P<0.001), and anti-HBc positivity was lower (1.1% vs 10.8%: P<0.01). HBsAg positivity was low in both the groups (0.15% and 0.17%; P=0.855). AntiHBs positivity rate declined with increasing age. Conclusions:Administration of hepatitis B vaccine as part of Universal immunization program led to anti-HBs in a large proportion of children and a reduction in anti-HBc positivity, a marker of hepatatis B virus infection. These data provide evidence supporting efficacy of hepatitis B immunization program in an Indian field setting, justifying the decision to include it in the universal immunization program.

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An assessment of hepatitis B vaccine introduction in India: Lessons for roll out and scale up of new vaccines in immunization programs

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

Tackling the Hepatitis B Disease Burden in India

Tackling the Hepatitis B Disease Burden in India

Clinical Profile of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Patients Attending Tertiary Care Centre in Eastern India

Effect of inclusion of hepatitis B vaccine in childhood immunization program in India: A retrospective cohort study

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