An assessment of availability of handwashing facilities in households from four East African countries

Ndagurwa, Pedzisai; Mushomi, John

doi:10.2166/washdev.2020.129

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…A lack of handwashing and poor personal hygiene presents a risk of infections with T. solium cysticercosis to tapeworm carriers through the direct ingestion of eggs or to other household members through contamination of food and/or water. In a review on the availability of handwashing facilities in East African countries, using demographic health surveys, Kisaakye et al ( 44 ) noted that Uganda had the least availability at 59.2%. The promotion of handwashing and improved personal hygiene is done by community leaders and VHTs, but may have not been achieving the desired impact.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stakeholders' Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceptions on the Control of Taenia solium in Kamuli and Hoima Districts, Uganda

et al. 2022

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Taenia (T.) solium is a zoonotic parasite causing three diseases: Taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans and porcine cysticercosis in pigs. Although biomedically, the transmission of the parasite can be easily interrupted at six points along the life cycle, the contextual factors that may influence the adoption of these control strategies in Uganda remain unclear. This study assessed the stakeholders' knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions relating to the six control strategies for T. solium infections in Kamuli and Hoima districts, Uganda. A total of 22 focus group discussions (FGD) were conducted with pig farmers, community leaders, pig/pork traders, animal health assistants, and human health assistants. In addition, nine key informant interviews were held with senior officials in the ministries of agriculture and health and other relevant agencies at the district level. The results showed differential, limited, and fragmented knowledge on T. solium infections among stakeholders. Pig farmers, community leaders, and pig/pork traders had almost no knowledge and were often confused regarding the differences existing between T. solium and other gastro-intestinal infections in pigs and humans. Pig confinement, pit latrine construction, coverage, maintenance, and sustained use are influenced by cultural, socio-economic, and physical/ environmental factors of the study population and area. Proper sensitisation programmes and health education interventions should target all, but with appropriately focused material to suit the different stakeholder categories. Reminders or nudges may be needed to ensure that increase in knowledge translates to changes in practise. Intervention programmes should also aim to overcome challenges created by the various contextual factors operating in the specific endemic areas.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stakeholders' Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceptions on the Control of Taenia solium in Kamuli and Hoima Districts, Uganda

et al. 2022

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“…Of the roughly 818 million children worldwide who lack basic hand washing facilities at school, more than onethird are in sub-Saharan Africa [6]. About 40% of the global population live without basic hand washing facilities at home [7]. The inconvenient and unfortunate truth is that the recurrent annual deaths resulting from unsafe drinking water is approximately the same as the death rate due to current Covid-19 which hopefully is not a recurrent pandemic.…”

Section: Review Articlementioning

confidence: 99%

An Inconvenient Truth about Access to Safe Drinking Water

Jayawardena¹

2021

IJECC

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The phrase inconvenient truth associated with global warming and climate change has received a great deal of publicity some years back. The objective of this article is to highlight a different kind of inconvenient truth which affects about 29% of the world population. It is about the lack of access to safe drinking water that results in over 1.2 million preventable deaths annually. The first two targets of UN sustainable development goal 6 (SDG6) aim at providing universal, affordable and sustainable access to “water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH)”. Recognizing the right to safe and clean drinking water and sanitation as a basic human right, issues related to this problem as well as possible options to alleviate the problem are discussed.

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“…Handwashing at critical times is crucial to deal with fecal contamination and improve hygiene. An assessment of availability of handwashing facilities in households from four East African countries (Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda and Rwanda) revealed that the type of residence, household wealth, number of children, age, sex and education of the household head were strong predictors of having a handwashing facility in the household [ 8 ]. A sanitation study in school settings by Okello et al [ 9 ] in Kagera region in Tanzania found that motivation for handwashing practices was enhanced by emotional drivers such as disgust, fear and nurture as well as newly established handwashing stations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What influences individuals to invest in improved sanitation services and hygiene behaviours in a small town? A formative research study in Babati, Tanzania

et al. 2022

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Sub-Sahara African countries face immense challenges in ensuring adequate sanitation and hygiene behaviours to the rapidly growing populations. Attempts to address these challenges require empirical evidence to inform policy and planning. We contribute toward that goal by unveiling findings of formative research conducted in Babati, a rapidly growing town in Tanzania. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 486 households, to unwind motives and barriers for individuals to invest in improved sanitation services and hygiene behaviour change. We used several methods including household survey, focus group discussions, behaviour observations and spot checks. The findings revealed that households derive their motivation to invest in improved sanitation and hygiene practices from comfort, raising social status, and the need for personal safety and privacy. Other motives include fear of penalties and fines and fear of disease outbreaks, whilst the barriers include, limited water availability and accessibility, environmental factors, property rights, cultural issues, financial constraints, and a person’s attitude. Quantitative data were subjected to multivariate analysis to identify determinants of households to invest in sanitation and hygiene practices. The logistic regression analyses revealed that sources of water, property rights, and education level were the main determinants of households to invest in sanitation and hygiene facilities, while household income was the main determinant for households to invest in both construction of handwashing facility and water treatment. We argue that the initiative to promote sanitation and hygiene behaviour change in small towns should focus on promoting motivation factors and abating the determinant factors identified in this study.

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An assessment of availability of handwashing facilities in households from four East African countries

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Stakeholders' Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceptions on the Control of Taenia solium in Kamuli and Hoima Districts, Uganda

Stakeholders' Knowledge, Attitude, and Perceptions on the Control of Taenia solium in Kamuli and Hoima Districts, Uganda

An Inconvenient Truth about Access to Safe Drinking Water

What influences individuals to invest in improved sanitation services and hygiene behaviours in a small town? A formative research study in Babati, Tanzania

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