“…Penicillium is one of the largest and most important toxigenic genera of microscopic fungi, with over 400 described species distributed worldwide [ 29 ]. Several Penicillium species, including P. expansum , P. solitum , P. crustosum , P. italicum , P. digitatum , P. commune , P. verrucosum , P. rugulosum , P. polonicum , P. chrysogenum , P. allii and P. sumatraese have been reported as responsible for apple decay worldwide [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 30 ]. In this study, a set of Penicillium strains isolated from decayed Red and Golden Delicious apples were identified and tested for their ability to produce mycotoxins.…”