An artificial Rb atom in a semiconductor with lifetime-limited linewidth

Jahn, Jan-Philipp; Munsch, Mathieu; Béguin, Lucas; Kuhlmann, Andreas V.; Renggli, Martina; Huo, Yongheng; Ding, Fei; Trotta, Rinaldo; Reindl, Marcus; Schmidt, Oliver G.; Rastelli, Armando; Treutlein, Philipp; Warburton, Richard J.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.92.245439

Cited by 72 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 44 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…But when translated to the visible spectrum (roughly 380-780 nm), such a wavelength difference could be discriminated with the bare eye. In the future, the methods that Clemmen et al have demonstrated could be used to interface quantum systems operating at different frequencies, such as solid-state and atomic quantum memories [5][6][7][8]. One could envision two physically different quantum memories, each absorbing one part of the single photon in a frequency superposition.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photon Qubit is Made of Two Colors

Treutlein

2016

Physics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

T he discovery of the photon, the quantum particle of light, played a key role in the development of quantum physics. Today, photons are among the most advanced building blocks for quantum technologies, such as quantum computing [1], secure communication [2], and precision measurement [3]. These applications typically rely on quantum control of a photon's polarization or its spatial mode. Surprisingly, the most manifest property of light-its color or frequency-is difficult to manipulate on the quantum level. An experiment now demonstrates a toolbox for creating, manipulating, and detecting single photons in a quantum superposition of two discrete frequencies [4]. The approach requires an interaction between different frequency components of light, which Stéphane Clemmen from Cornell University, New York, and colleagues have achieved by making use of nonlinear processes in optical fibers. Such photonic quantum bits (qubits) could be useful for connecting quantum systems operating at different frequencies in a quantum network.According to quantum physics, monochromatic light of frequency ν, such as the light emitted by a laser, is composed of photons of energy E = hν, where h is the Planck constant. Polychromatic light, such as the light emitted by the Sun, contains photons of many different frequencies. However, each individual photon usually has a well-defined frequency and energy. Interestingly, the superposition principle of quantum physics allows for yet another version of polychromatic light: a single photon in a superposition of two discrete frequencies ν A and ν B . In this case, neither the frequency nor the energy of the photon is well defined. In some sense, such a "bichromatic" photon can be thought of as having two different colors at the same time, only one of which would be revealed if the photon were measured by a spectrometer or detected by eye.However, the creation and manipulation of bichromatic photons turns out to be challenging. The difficulty is that such processes require an interaction between photons of different frequencies, and in most media, light beams do not interact. The situation changes if light propagates in a non- * Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056 Basel, SwitzerlandFigure 1: The illustration shows the conversion of a photon of one frequency, or color, into a photon that is in a superposition of two colors, and the subsequent verification of the photon's coherence with Ramsey spectroscopy. (Bottom) A single photon of frequency ν A (red) is sent through a nonlinear optical fiber, converting it to a superposition of ν A and another frequency ν B (blue). An adjustable delay changes the relative phase of the two frequency components in the superposition before they are mixed again. The resulting state is analyzed by separating the two frequency components in a demultiplexer and detecting the single photon, thereby projecting it onto one of its two colors. (Top) A vector on the Bloch sphere with polar angle θ and azimuthal angle φ represents ...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Photon Qubit is Made of Two Colors

Treutlein

2016

Physics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There, control over the spectral and temporal properties of the exchanged photons is desirable for efficient information transfer [5,6], but can be hard or impractical to implement. A common problem in hybrid quantum networks is a mismatch between the characteristic time scale (or bandwidth) of photons emitted by one node with the optical transition of the receiving node [7][8][9][10][11]. Understanding the role of the photon bandwidth in light-matter interaction is therefore important for the further development of hybrid networks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photon bandwidth dependence of light-matter interaction

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigate the scattering of single photons by single atoms and, in particular, the dependence of the atomic dynamics and the scattering probability on the photon bandwidth. We tightly focus the incident photons onto a single trapped 87 Rb atom and use the time-resolved transmission to characterize the interaction strength. Decreasing the bandwidth of the single photons from 6 to 2 times the atomic linewidth, we observe an increase in atomic peak excitation and photon scattering probability.

show abstract

“…In this Letter, we present such a memory based on warm rubidium vapor. The developed memory can readily be combined with a well-engineered GaAs/AlGaAs QD single photon source [8,17,18] and may then serve as a network node, bringing the vision of functional quantum networks closer to reality.Many different physical platforms for quantum memories are currently under investigation, ranging from phonons in solids to atomic Bose-Einstein-condensates [5,19] [17,18,27], a remaining challenge for building a QD compatible atomic memory is that the required acceptance bandwith of δf ¼ 0.5 − 1.0 GHz [28,29] is rather large compared to the intrinsic linewidth of the alkali D lines, which is on the order of δ Rb ¼ 5 MHz [30].One approach to tackle the bandwidth mismatch is to use a far-detuned Raman scheme and dense alkaline vapors [25]. However, this scheme is intrinsically prone to four-wavemixing (FWM) noise [31], impeding experiments in the…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many different physical platforms for quantum memories are currently under investigation, ranging from phonons in solids to atomic Bose-Einstein-condensates [5,19] [17,18,27], a remaining challenge for building a QD compatible atomic memory is that the required acceptance bandwith of δf ¼ 0.5 − 1.0 GHz [28,29] is rather large compared to the intrinsic linewidth of the alkali D lines, which is on the order of δ Rb ¼ 5 MHz [30].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Simple Atomic Quantum Memory Suitable for Semiconductor Quantum Dot Single Photons

et al. 2017

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Quantum memories matched to single photon sources will form an important cornerstone of future quantum network technology. We demonstrate such a memory in warm Rb vapor with on-demand storage and retrieval, based on electromagnetically induced transparency. With an acceptance bandwidth of δf ¼ 0.66 GHz, the memory is suitable for single photons emitted by semiconductor quantum dots. In this regime, vapor cell memories offer an excellent compromise between storage efficiency, storage time, noise level, and experimental complexity, and atomic collisions have negligible influence on the optical coherences. Operation of the memory is demonstrated using attenuated laser pulses on the single photon level. For a 50 ns storage time, we measure η 50 ns e2e ¼ 3.4ð3Þ% end-to-end efficiency of the fiber-coupled memory, with a total intrinsic efficiency η int ¼ 17ð3Þ%. Straightforward technological improvements can boost the end-to-end-efficiency to η e2e ≈ 35%; beyond that, increasing the optical depth and exploiting the Zeeman substructure of the atoms will allow such a memory to approach near unity efficiency. In the present memory, the unconditional read-out noise level of 9 × 10 −3 photons is dominated by atomic fluorescence, and for input pulses containing on average μ 1 ¼ 0.27ð4Þ photons, the signal to noise level would be unity. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.060502 Quantum networks built from optical fiber-linked quantum nodes [1] open manifold opportunities across a range of scientific and technological frontiers. For example, highspeed quantum cryptography networks can be used for unconditionally secure communication in metropolitan areas [2], and quantum networks can help realize large scale quantum computers and quantum simulators that will allow for exponential speed-up in solving complex problems [3,4]. Photonic quantum networks, in turn, require a scalable quantum node technology that allows for (i) storing quantum information in a quantum memory [5], and (ii) ondemand conversion of this information into single photons traveling along the network interconnects.To realize quantum nodes, a heterogeneous approach [6,7] is highly promising. Heterogeneous quantum nodes consist of a single photon source and a compatible quantum memory, where the systems may be completely different from each other and can be individually optimized. For the single photon source, self-assembled semiconductor quantum dots (QD) are arguably the best choice, as they allow for high speed on-demand photon generation with up to GHz emission rates and measured efficiencies [8-10] as high as 75%. These sources can emit indistinguishable single photons [9,11,12] or even polarization-entangled photon pairs [13,14], and the QD spin can be entangled with an emitted photon [15,16]. However, the quantum dot itself is not a good quantum memory, since the coherence times are limited by the comparably strong coupling to the solid-state environment. To make this exquisite source of single or entangled photons useful for quantum networks, the QD theref...

show abstract

An artificial Rb atom in a semiconductor with lifetime-limited linewidth

Cited by 72 publications

References 44 publications

Photon Qubit is Made of Two Colors

Photon Qubit is Made of Two Colors

Photon bandwidth dependence of light-matter interaction

Simple Atomic Quantum Memory Suitable for Semiconductor Quantum Dot Single Photons

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About