An Argument for Integrating Wild and Agricultural Biodiversity Conservation

Attwood, Simon; Park, Sarah E.; Marshall, Paul; Fanshawe, John H.; Gaisberger, Hannes

doi:10.4324/9781317753285-21

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…The geographic distribution of biodiversity and agro-diversity hotspots has long been investigated, but rarely together. Very little is known about their spatial intricacies despite recent calls for their integration [ 31 ]. Several areas of high plant diversity do not include primary regions of agro-biodiversity (e.g., California, Caribbean, Brazilian Cerrado, South Africa, Madagascar, Pacific islands) and a few agro-biodiversity regions are not recognized as diversity hotspots (e.g., large parts of Eastern Asia and India) ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: From Biodiversity To Agro-biodiversity Hotspots: a Geogramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we explore the relationship between hotspots of wild plant diversity and regions containing high levels of agro-biodiversity by (i) reviewing the history of the two concepts, (ii) characterizing the degree to which they overlap in space and the human and biological drivers of these geographic (in-) congruencies, and (iii) considering how to better integrate the multi-faceted aspects of useful plant diversity, including genetic and phylogenetic diversity. Finally, we propose a new general framework and discuss future avenues for obtaining an improved understanding and preservation of global hotspots of useful plant diversity [ 31 , 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Toward Unifying Global Hotspots of Wild and Domesticated Biodiversity

Pironon

Borrell

Ondo

et al. 2020

Plants

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Global biodiversity hotspots are areas containing high levels of species richness, endemism and threat. Similarly, regions of agriculturally relevant diversity have been identified where many domesticated plants and animals originated, and co-occurred with their wild ancestors and relatives. The agro-biodiversity in these regions has, likewise, often been considered threatened. Biodiversity and agro-biodiversity hotspots partly overlap, but their geographic intricacies have rarely been investigated together. Here we review the history of these two concepts and explore their geographic relationship by analysing global distribution and human use data for all plants, and for major crops and associated wild relatives. We highlight a geographic continuum between agro-biodiversity hotspots that contain high richness in species that are intensively used and well known by humanity (i.e., major crops and most viewed species on Wikipedia) and biodiversity hotspots encompassing species that are less heavily used and documented (i.e., crop wild relatives and species lacking information on Wikipedia). Our contribution highlights the key considerations needed for further developing a unifying concept of agro-biodiversity hotspots that encompasses multiple facets of diversity (including genetic and phylogenetic) and the linkage with overall biodiversity. This integration will ultimately enhance our understanding of the geography of human-plant interactions and help guide the preservation of nature and its contributions to people.

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Section: From Biodiversity To Agro-biodiversity Hotspots: a Geogramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Unifying Global Hotspots of Wild and Domesticated Biodiversity

Pironon

Borrell

Ondo

et al. 2020

Plants

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“…Little is still known about the distributional patterns of agrobiodiversity and its relationship with other wild components of biodiversity. There are few examples of integrated approaches, where the conservation of wild and agrobiodiversity is considered together, either in research or in policy making (Attwood, Park, Marshall, & Fanshawe, 2017). Yet, doing so could favour a more balanced management and thus, the nature conservation in regions of the world that have endured intense anthropic pressures over long periods of time (Jackson, Pascual, & Hodgkin, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between the distribution of wildlife and livestock diversity

Velado‐Alonso

Morales‐Castilla

Rebollo

et al. 2020

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim Wild biodiversity and agrobiodiversity are affected by challenges such as agricultural intensification. However, it is unknown whether or not both components of biodiversity respond similarly to environmental factors and to these challenges. Here, we examine the spatial relationships between the distributions of wild biodiversity and agrobiodiversity, to quantify how and where they covary across the geography. Location Mainland Spain, a European region that harbours high values of both wild and agro‐ biodiversity. Methods We used geographically weighted regression models to analyse the spatial variation in the relationships between the distribution of wild vertebrates and environmental and agrobiodiversity variables. We modelled the spatial gradients in species richness of native terrestrial vertebrates—that is, specific groups of amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals—as a function of local livestock breed richness—that is, bovine, ovine, caprine, asinine, equine and porcine—climate variables and human footprint. Results We found significant covariation between the distribution of native vertebrate species richness and climate, human footprint and livestock diversity. Overall, the association between species richness of the four wild terrestrial vertebrate groups and local livestock breed richness is positive across most of the studied area. However, local breed richness of cattle and sheep breed displays contrasting patterns, where cattle breeds associate positively to most wildlife vertebrates and sheep breeds show negative associations. Main conclusion Wildlife diversity distributions are significantly associated with livestock agrobiodiversity. These spatial relationships are mediated by large‐scale environmental gradients. Since both, wildlife and livestock agrobiodiversity, tend to co‐occur spatially, future strategies for conservation in agricultural landscapes could benefit from integrated approaches.

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“…Conversely, high adherence scores to the MD can significantly enhance the nutrition quality and public health of populations [10,[32][33][34][35] while being respectful of the environment [36][37][38] and, in certain cases, contributing to the preservation of agro-biodiversity [39,40]. A change in the food system paradigm has been proposed by many, mostly consisting in promoting the adoption of more sustainable diets, with many similarities to the MD (e.g., planetary diet by the EAT-Lancet commission).…”

Section: A Broken Global Food System What Way Out?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean Diet: The Role of Phenolic Compounds from Aromatic Plant Foods

Delgado

Gonçalves

Romano

2023

Foods

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Today’s global food system aggravates climate change while failing in meeting SDG2 and more. Yet, some sustainable food cultures, such as the Mediterranean Diet (MD), are simultaneously safe, healthy, and rooted in biodiversity. Their wide range of fruits, herbs, and vegetables convey many bioactive compounds, often associated with colour, texture, and aroma. Phenolic compounds are largely responsible for such features of MD’s foods. These plant secondary metabolites all share in vitro bioactivities (e.g., antioxidants), and some are evidenced in vivo (e.g., plant sterols lower cholesterol levels in blood). The present work examines the role of polyphenols in the MD, with respect to human and planetary health. Since the commercial interest in polyphenols is increasing, a strategy for the sustainable exploitation of Mediterranean plants is essential in preserving species at risk while valuing local cultivars (e.g., through the geographical indication mechanism). Finally, the linkage of food habits with cultural landscapes, a cornerstone of the MD, should enable awareness-raising about seasonality, endemism, and other natural constraints to ensure the sustainable exploitation of Mediterranean plants.

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An Argument for Integrating Wild and Agricultural Biodiversity Conservation

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Toward Unifying Global Hotspots of Wild and Domesticated Biodiversity

Toward Unifying Global Hotspots of Wild and Domesticated Biodiversity

Relationships between the distribution of wildlife and livestock diversity

Mediterranean Diet: The Role of Phenolic Compounds from Aromatic Plant Foods

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