An Aqueous Rechargeable Zinc‐Organic Battery with Hybrid Mechanism

Abstract

Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries have been considered as potential energy storage devices owing to their high safety and low cost. Traditional zinc‐ion batteries often implement a typical Zn2+ insertion/extraction mechanism. Compared with traditional Zn2+ insertion/extraction mechanism, supercapacitor‐liked dual‐ion mechanism often endow the batteries with higher operating voltage, better rate capability, and longer cycle life. Herein, aqueous Zn/polyaniline batteries are developed, which can combine the Zn2+ insertion/extraction and dual‐ion mechanisms. The Zn/polyaniline batteries deliver excellent electrochemical performance, especially a long cycle life up to 3000 cycles with high‐capacity retention of 92%. This hybrid mechanism provides a promising battery chemistry. Furthermore, Zn/polyaniline batteries can be assembled into quasi‐solid‐state soft‐packaged and cable‐type configurations and display stable electrochemical performance even under different bending states, showing potential applications for flexible electronics.

Covalent–Organic Frameworks: Advanced Organic Electrode Materials for Rechargeable Batteries

“…In 2018, Niu and co‐workers developed aqueous Zn/polyaniline batteries with Zn 2+ insertion/extraction and dual‐ion hybrid mechanism. [ 144 ] During the charge process, CF 3 SO 3 − bonded with the positively charged nitrogen atoms (CN + ) in the oxidized polyaniline. In discharge state, it is Zn 2+ cations that interact with reduced polyaniline.…”

A Self‐Healing Integrated All‐in‐One Zinc‐Ion Battery

“…Their CV curves show four redox peaks in a voltage range from 0.5 to 1.5 V at a scan rate of 0.1 mV s −1 (Figure c), including the cathodic peaks at 0.75 and 1.05 V and the anodic peaks at 1.06 and 1.2 V. It agrees well with the galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) profiles (Figure d), where the voltage plateaus are observed at the similar potential at different current densities. The energy storage mechanism of the Zn/PANI batteries based on PVA/Zn(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 hydrogel is similar with the case of Zn/PANI battery with liquid electrolyte (Figure S11, Supporting Information) . At the current density of 0.1 A g −1 , the integrated configuration delivers a specific discharge capacity of 123 mAh g −1 .…”

Recent Progress on Zinc-Ion Rechargeable Batteries

“…d cycling performance of soft-packaged and cable-type quasi-solid-state batteries under various bending states at 0.5 A g −1 . e A wrist strap powered by two soft-packaged quasi-solid-state batteries in series, f an LED array powered by two cable-type quasi-solid-state batteries in series [52]. With permission from Elsevier and The Royal Society of Chemistry the two broken parts of the cell were brought to connect, the watch was on again without weakening the brightness, indicating excellent healing performance and high potential applications in broken electronics.…”

“…Furthermore, solid-state electrolytes show high stability, desirable flexibility, and can effectively control the formation of zinc dendrite and the dissolution of active electrode materials in zinc-ion storage systems [49]. To date, electrolytes based on zinc sulfate (ZnSO 4 ) and zinc triflate (Zn(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 ) in conjunction with polymer hosts such as ZnSO 4 -gelatin, Zn(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 -polyethylene oxide, and Zn(CF 3 SO 3 ) 2 -polyvinyl alcohol have been reported [50][51][52][53]. However, these polymer electrolytes suffer from insufficient mechanical strength, undesirable ionic conductivity, and fast degradation.…”