An aqueous organic redox flow battery employing a trifunctional electroactive compound as anolyte, catholyte and supporting electrolyte

Liu, Bin; Tang, Chun Wai; Jiang, Haoran; Jia, Guocheng; Zhao, Tianshou

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228985

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…In past years, various bifunctional combi-molecules, where negolyte and posilyte moieties are covalently bonded, have been successfully designed, synthesized, and tested for RFB application using various combinations, such as bipyridinium-ferrocene [68], TEMPO-viologen [69], or TEMPOphenazine [70]. Another synthetically less demanding way is based on ionic pairing of halide anion (active for posilyte) with organic, typically viologen-based, cation (active in negolyte) [71,72].…”

Section: Permeationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Tree for Aqueous Organic Redox Couples for Redox Flow Battery Electrolytes: A Conceptual Review

2022

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Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are an increasingly attractive option for renewable energy storage, thus providing flexibility for the supply of electrical energy. In recent years, research in this type of battery storage has been shifted from metal-ion based electrolytes to soluble organic redox-active compounds. Aqueous-based organic electrolytes are considered as more promising electrolytes to achieve “green”, safe, and low-cost energy storage. Many organic compounds and their derivatives have recently been intensively examined for application to redox flow batteries. This work presents an up-to-date overview of the redox organic compound groups tested for application in aqueous RFB. In the initial part, the most relevant requirements for technical electrolytes are described and discussed. The importance of supporting electrolytes selection, the limits for the aqueous system, and potential synthetic strategies for redox molecules are highlighted. The different organic redox couples described in the literature are grouped in a “family tree” for organic redox couples. This article is designed to be an introduction to the field of organic redox flow batteries and aims to provide an overview of current achievements as well as helping synthetic chemists to understand the basic concepts of the technical requirements for next-generation energy storage materials.

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Section: Permeationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Tree for Aqueous Organic Redox Couples for Redox Flow Battery Electrolytes: A Conceptual Review

2022

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“…[ 55 ] As shown in Figure 9a , the same active molecule has different potential in different phase (There is no overlapping part of the potential) and generated ions mutually were converted between the two phases after gaining or losing protons and will not cause permanent capacity loss, just like vanadium batteries, the used electrolyte can simply be restored to its original state after a rebalancing procedure, and the electrolyte can be reused. Symmetric redox flow battery [ 71 ] has similar principle but only been applied in same phase, however, for another type of battery‐Aqueous organic bipolar redox flow battery, [ 72 ] the two active molecules are connected by covalent bonds to achieve the above effect, because the choice of two active molecules is more flexible, it will have greater application potential in a Biphasic membrane‐less system.…”

Section: Challenges Of Biphasic Membrane‐less Redox Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Challenges of Biphasic Membrane‐Less Redox Batteries

Qin

Deng

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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Ion exchange membranes (IEMs) play important roles in energy generation and storage field, such as fuel cell, flow battery, however, a major barrier in the way of large‐scale application is the high cost of membranes (e.g., Nafion membranes price generally exceeds USD$ 200 m−2). The membrane‐less technology is one of the promising approaches to solve the problem and thus has attracted much attention and been explored in a variety of research paths. This review introduces one of the representative membrane‐less battery types, Biphasic membrane‐less redox batteries that eliminate the IEMs according to the principle of solvent immiscibility and realizes the phase splitting in a thermodynamically stable state. It is systematically classified and summarizes their performances as well as the problems they are suffering from, and then several effective solutions are proposed based on the modification of electrodes and electrolytes. Finally, special attention is given to the challenges and prospects of Biphasic membrane‐less redox batteries, which could contribute to the development of membrane‐less batteries.

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“…As mentioned earlier, the redox reaction rate of this couple was high due to its multipleelectron transfer process. [54][55][56] PTA underwent three redox reactions and totally four electrons were involved (Equations [4]- [6]), while two electrons were involved in the redox reaction of TironA (Equation [7]). According to the stoichiometric equation (Equation [8]), to maintain the charge balance between the redox reactions of PTA and TironA, the optimal molar ratio of PTA to TironA was one to two.…”

Section: Performance Evaluations Of Arfb Single Cells Of Pta and Tironamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the use of RFBs, energies that were produced from other renewable energy sources are chemically stored by redox reactions of two liquid electrolytes containing active materials, which are placed across an ion exchange membrane 1‐5 . Each electrolyte is stored in the tank, and circulated through an RFB cell that is made up of electrodes, membrane, and bipolar plates 6‐9 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acidic aqueous redox flow battery using 12‐phosphotungstic acid and 2,4,5,6‐tetrahydroxybenzene‐1,3‐disulfonic acid as redox couple

Permatasari

Lee

Kwon

2022

Intl J of Energy Research

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In this study, acidic aqueous redox flow battery (ARFB) using 12-phosphotungstic acid (PTA) and 1,2-benzoquinone-3,5-disulfonic acid (Tiron) as negative and positive active materials is suggested. As negative active material, PTA shows high solubility in an acidic state (0.4 M PTA is soluble in 1.0 M sulfuric acid [H 2 SO 4 ]), negative reaction potential (À0.25 V vs Ag/AgCl), and is linked to four-electron reaction. Regarding positive active material, Tiron is chosen due to its high solubility in H 2 SO 4 (1.5 M Tiron is soluble in 1 M H 2 SO 4 ) and highly positive reaction potential (0.76 V vs Ag/AgCl) with two-electron related reactions. For preserving its redox reactivity, Tiron is initially transformed to its desirable 2,4,5,6-tetrahydroxybenzene-1,3-disulfonic acid (TironA). As a result, the cell potential of ARFB using PTA and TironA is 0.92 V, while their low viscosities reduce the possibility of precipitation. With this, its cycle stability is well preserved. Regarding the performance of ARFB using PTA and TironA, this maintains cycle stability for more than 170 cycles with capacity retention of 99% and high columbic and energy efficiencies of 99% and 70% at 60 mA cm À2 .

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An aqueous organic redox flow battery employing a trifunctional electroactive compound as anolyte, catholyte and supporting electrolyte

Cited by 33 publications

References 49 publications

Family Tree for Aqueous Organic Redox Couples for Redox Flow Battery Electrolytes: A Conceptual Review

Family Tree for Aqueous Organic Redox Couples for Redox Flow Battery Electrolytes: A Conceptual Review

Development and Challenges of Biphasic Membrane‐Less Redox Batteries

Acidic aqueous redox flow battery using 12‐phosphotungstic acid and 2,4,5,6‐tetrahydroxybenzene‐1,3‐disulfonic acid as redox couple

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