An approach towards tailoring interfacial structures and properties of multiphase renewable thermoplastics from lignin–nitrile rubber

Bova, Tony; Tran, Chau; Balakshin, Mikhail; Chen, Jihua; Capanema, Ewellyn A.; Naskar, Amit K.

doi:10.1039/c6gc01067a

Cited by 43 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(54 reference statements)

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“…According to the authors, this specific composition possesses the high wet grip property and low rolling resistance, which makes the composite promising for the green tire products. A hot reactive mixing has been confirmed by Bova et al (2016) [60] to be an effective method for increasing the compatibility of lignin/carbon black fillers and nitrile containing butadiene rubber. The addition of carbon black acting as rubber reinforcement, polyethylene oxide as adhesion promoter and hydrogen bond acceptor, and boric acid and dicumyl peroxide as crosslinkers, produces a range of materials with high elongation when used with hardwood lignin, and high tensile strength near that of engineering materials.…”

Section: Lignin-reinforced Rubbermentioning

confidence: 94%

Recent approaches and future trends for lignin-based materials

Dias

Negrão

Gonçalves

et al. 2017

Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals

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Known as the main source of aromatic compounds in nature, lignin possesses heterogeneous composition which has high potential to be used in many industrial purposes. Lignin has been used as retardants of fire, thermal stabilizer, hydrophobicity agent, carbon fiber, aerogels and antioxidants. This review summarizes several uses of lignin-based components and their potential applications. We focused on the industrial uses of lignin in order to diminish the dependence of petroleum-based materials.

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Section: Lignin-reinforced Rubbermentioning

confidence: 94%

Recent approaches and future trends for lignin-based materials

Dias

Negrão

Gonçalves

et al. 2017

Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals

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“…Chemical modification in rubber-based applications is generally carried out either through (1) chemical modification of the lignin surface, (2) the use of substitute chemicals or additives during mixing that contain functional groups that are capable of forming a bridge between lignin and rubber matrix, or (3) the rubber matrix being modified to achieve better compatibility and end-product properties. Researchers have tried many approaches to improve the reinforcement effect of lignin and rubber (Bahl et al, 2014a,b;Bova et al, 2016;Tran et al, 2016;Ikeda et al, 2017;Miao and Hamad, 2017) and have achieved various levels of success in enhancing the adhesion and dispersion of lignin in the rubber matrix, as has been reported in previous studies (Laurichesse and Avérous, 2014;Thakur et al, 2014). Techniques using coupling agents and adhesion agents for improving interfacial bonding have also been reported (Bahl et al, 2014b;Wang et al, 2018).…”

Section: Modification and Lignin-based Applicationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Lignin as Alternative Reinforcing Filler in the Rubber Industry: A Review

et al. 2020

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Lignin has potential as a reinforcing filler and to become an alternative to carbon black in the rubber industry. This is because it is formed from cheaper materials with abundant annually renewable sources and has low weight, high biological efficiency, and wide ecological adaptability. The utilization of bio-filler in the rubber industry has garnered increasing attention from researchers due to increasing environmental concerns over the toxic effects of carbon black on health and the environment. This article is intended to summarize current efforts in the development of a green and sustainable rubber product. Instead of focusing on silica and alternative rubber matrix-like guayule and Russian dandelion, it looks at lignin, which also has potential as a reinforcing filler and can enable the development of competitive green rubber composites. Lignin has several special characteristics such as good mechanical, physico-chemical, biodegradability, and antioxidant properties and excellent thermal stability. However, the incorporation of lignin in a rubber matrix is not straightforward, and this needs to be overcome with certain suitable solutions because of the polarity of lignin molecules, which contributes to strong self-interactions. Consequently, chemical modification of lignin is often used to improve the dispersion of lignin in elastomers, or a compatibilizer is added to enhance interfacial adhesion between lignin and the rubber matrix. This review attempts to compile relevant knowledge about the performance of lignin-filled rubber composite using different approaches such as mixing method, surface modification, hybrid fillers, etc. This study is expected to gain significant interest from researchers globally on the subject of lignin-based rubber composites and the advancement of development in green rubber products.

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“…In an acrylonitrile-butadiene-lignin (ABL) blend based on the sinapyl alcohol-rich lignin, incorporating additives such as carbon black and boric acid and partial crosslinking of rubber using peroxide improved the material's stiffness and strength. [6] The method, however, requires a long mixing cycle and sequential incorporation of multiple ingredients. Here, we develop a simpler path to enhance ABL performance via ion-induced reduction of sinapyl alcohol-rich lignin domain sizes by exploiting the ionomeric properties of lignin.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/marc201900059mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, it would be beneficial if materials with improved performance could be obtained with this feedstock. In an acrylonitrile‐butadiene‐lignin (ABL) blend based on the sinapyl alcohol‐rich lignin, incorporating additives such as carbon black and boric acid and partial crosslinking of rubber using peroxide improved the material's stiffness and strength . The method, however, requires a long mixing cycle and sequential incorporation of multiple ingredients.…”

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confidence: 99%

An Ionomeric Renewable Thermoplastic from Lignin‐Reinforced Rubber

Barnes

Goswami

Nguyen

et al. 2019

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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An ionomeric, leathery thermoplastic with high mechanical strength is prepared by a new thermal processing method from a soft, melt‐processable rubber. Compositions made by incorporation of equal‐mass lignin, a renewable oligomeric feedstock, in an acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber often yield weak rubbers with large lignin domains (1–2 µm). The addition of zinc chloride (ZnCl2) in such a composition based on sinapyl alcohol‐rich lignin during a solvent‐free synthesis induces a strong interfacial crosslinking between lignin and rubber phases. This compositional modification results in finely interspersed lignin domains (<100 nm) that essentially reinforce the rubbery matrix with a 10–22 °C rise in the glassy‐to‐rubbery transition temperature. The ion‐modified polymer blends also show improved materials properties, like a 100% increase in ultimate tensile strength and an order of magnitude rise in Young's modulus. Coarse‐grained molecular dynamics (MD) simulations verify the morphology and dynamics of the ionomeric material. The computed result also confirms that the ionomers have glassy characteristics.

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An approach towards tailoring interfacial structures and properties of multiphase renewable thermoplastics from lignin–nitrile rubber

Abstract: High-performance multiphase thermoplastics were synthesized by reactive mixing of unmodified industrial lignin and low-cost additives in a matrix of general-purpose acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR).

Cited by 43 publications

References 35 publications

Recent approaches and future trends for lignin-based materials

Recent approaches and future trends for lignin-based materials

Lignin as Alternative Reinforcing Filler in the Rubber Industry: A Review

An Ionomeric Renewable Thermoplastic from Lignin‐Reinforced Rubber

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