An approach to optimize pre-annealing aging and anneal conditions to improve photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells

Sanni, Dahiru M.; Chen, Yuanqing; Yerramilli, Aditya S.; Ntsoenzok, E.; Asare, Joseph; Adeniji, S. A.; Oyelade, Omolara V.; Fashina, Adebayo Adeboye; Alford, Terry

doi:10.1007/s40243-018-0139-3

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…As shown in Figure S3, the rudorffite AgBiI 4 film shows fewer pinholes and flatter surfaces for the gap time of 5 min compared to the gap times of 0 and 10 min. Besides, we indicated that nucleation may partly take place during the aging process, which is a benefit for better performance . Thus, the best conditions for depositing AgBiI 4 films are stored the film at around 35 °C for 5 min and annealed it at 130 °C for 15 min.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cs-Incorporated AgBiI₄ Rudorffite for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

Wang

Ren

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The Ag–Bi–I system has recently attracted much attention as a potential material for use in Pb-free solar cells due to its low toxicity and good stability. However, the main issue of the Ag–Bi–I rudorffite solar cells is that the power conversion efficiency (PCE) is still quite low. In this study, a series of Cs x Ag1–x BiI4 absorbers were synthesized by introducing different amounts of Cs via a simple method. It was found that Cs incorporation is promising for achieving dense and pinhole-free Cs x Ag1–x BiI4 films. In addition, the valence band edge of the 5% Cs-cooperated film is slightly upshifted. The corresponding Cs x Ag1–x BiI4 rudorffite solar cells achieved an enhancement of 40% in PCE for both the mesoporous structure and planar structure solar cells. After the Cs cooperation, the devices also show better long-term air stability than that of pure AgBiI4.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Besides, we indicated that nucleation may partly take place during the aging process, which is a benefit for better performance. 38 Thus, the best conditions for depositing AgBiI 4 films are stored the film at around 35 °C for 5 min and annealed it at 130 °C for 15 min.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cs-Incorporated AgBiI₄ Rudorffite for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

Wang

Ren

et al. 2020

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…The aged film was then annealed, and the uniformity was obviously improved as shown in Figure b, with a grain size of about 400 nm. This condition is also mostly used in the literature . Inspired by the morphology improvement, we tried to further remove the solvent molecules in the perovskite films before the following thermal annealing treatment.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Possible Side Reaction in the Annealing Process of Perovskite Layers

Liu

Chen

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The high purity of light harvesting layers is one of the core issues for highly efficient perovskite solar cells. The perovskite precursor solution and the crystallization growth of thin films have been extensively studied in the past few years. Herein, we have unveiled some side reactions that occur during the evaporation of the residual solvent in the spin-coated films at elevated temperature, forming N-methyl formamidium iodide and N,N′-dimethyl formamidium iodide. Such side reactions will consume the precursor materials and then produce a secondary phase in the perovskite films, which is detrimental for the performance improvement. We have also found that a combination of room temperature aging and vacuum treatment of the spin-coated wet film is conducive to eliminate the side reactions and improve the perovskite phase purity, reaching an efficiency of 20.98%.

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“…Perovskite films can be obtained from different lead sources such as lead iodide (PbI 2 ) and lead acetate (Pb(C 2 H 3 O 2 ) 2 ). Recently, perovskite solar devices have been produced with lead acetate as the main source of lead [25,26]. Lead acetate has also attracted attention as a source material for perovskite solar cells because it speeds up the crystal growth of perovskite films due to the facile removal of N-methylammonium acetate (CH 3 NH 3 Ac) [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Hybrid Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite-Based Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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This paper presents the effect of a composite poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate PEDOT:PSS and copper-doped nickel oxide (Cu:NiOx) hole transport layer (HTL) on the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Thin films of Cu:NiOx were spin-coated onto fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrates using a blend of nickel acetate tetrahydrate, 2-methoxyethanol and monoethanolamine (MEA) and copper acetate monohydrate. The prepared solution was stirred at 65 °C for 4 h and spin-coated onto the FTO substrates at 3000 rpm for 30 s in a nitrogen glovebox. The Cu:NiOx/FTO/glass structure was then annealed in air at 400 °C for 30 min. A mixture of PEDOT:PSS and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) (in 1:0.05 wt%) was spun onto the Cu:NiOx/FTO/glass substrate at 4000 rpm for 60 s. The multilayer structure was annealed at 130 °C for 15 min. Subsequently, the perovskite precursor (0.95 M) of methylammonium iodide (MAI) to lead acetate trihydrate (Pb(OAc)2·3H2O) was spin-coated at 4000 rpm for 200 s and thermally annealed at 80 °C for 12 min. The inverted planar perovskite solar cells were then fabricated by the deposition of a photoactive layer (CH3NH3PbI3), [6,6]-phenyl C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), and a Ag electrode. The mechanical behavior of the device during the fabrication of the Cu:NiOx HTL was modeled with finite element simulations using Abaqus/Complete Abaqus Environment CAE. The results show that incorporating Cu:NiOx into the PSC device improves its density–voltage (J–V) behavior, giving an enhanced photoconversion efficiency (PCE) of ~12.8% from ~9.8% and ~11.5% when PEDOT:PSS-only and Cu:NiOx-only are fabricated, respectively. The short circuit current density Jsc for the 0.1 M Cu:NiOx and 0.2 M Cu:NiOx-based devices increased by 18% and 9%, respectively, due to the increase in the electrical conductivity of the Cu:NiOx which provides room for more charges to be extracted out of the absorber layer. The increases in the PCEs were due to the copper-doped nickel oxide blend with the PEDOT:PSS which enhanced the exciton density and charge transport efficiency leading to higher electrical conductivity. The results indicate that the devices with the copper-doped nickel oxide hole transport layer (HTL) are slower to degrade compared with the PEDOT:PSS-only-based HTL. The finite element analyses show that the Cu:NiOx layer would not extensively deform the device, leading to improved stability and enhanced performance. The implications of the results are discussed for the design of low-temperature solution-processed PSCs with copper-doped nickel oxide composite HTLs.

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An approach to optimize pre-annealing aging and anneal conditions to improve photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Cs-Incorporated AgBiI₄ Rudorffite for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

Cs-Incorporated AgBiI₄ Rudorffite for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

The Possible Side Reaction in the Annealing Process of Perovskite Layers

A Hybrid Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite-Based Solar Cells

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An approach to optimize pre-annealing aging and anneal conditions to improve photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Cs-Incorporated AgBiI4 Rudorffite for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

Cs-Incorporated AgBiI4 Rudorffite for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

The Possible Side Reaction in the Annealing Process of Perovskite Layers

A Hybrid Hole Transport Layer for Perovskite-Based Solar Cells

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Product

Resources

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Cs-Incorporated AgBiI₄ Rudorffite for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

Cs-Incorporated AgBiI₄ Rudorffite for Efficient and Stable Solar Cells