An approach to normalizing micro-CT depth profiles of mineral density for monitoring enamel remineralization progress

Nakata, Keiko; Nikaido, Toru; Nakashima, Shinsuke; Nango, Nobuhito; Tagami, Junji

doi:10.4012/dmj.2011-228

Cited by 21 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It allows illustrating the inner structures with high spatial resolution in three dimensions without destruction of the specimen [18] and is sensitive enough to detect a change between demineralization and remineralization [19]. Nakata et al were able to show a strong linear correlation between the CT density and mineral content [20]. In this study, we observed an increase in mineral content in the specimen.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Remineralization of Artificial Dentin Caries Using Dentin and Enamel Matrix Proteins

et al. 2019

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To assess the remineralizing potential of dentin matrix proteins and enamel matrix derivatives (DMPs and EMDs) after application on artificially induced dentin lesions, given the hypothesis that these materials increase the mineral uptake, binding, and mineralization. Forty-eight caries-free human premolars were used. Teeth were cut, polished, and embedded, leaving an open window on the root surface, of which one-third was covered with a flowable composite to preserve the healthy untreated dentin. Then, samples were demineralized in Buskes solution for 33 days. A micro-CT scan prior to treatment was performed. Next, the samples were randomly allocated into four groups: (A) An untreated negative control (CON), (B) application of porcine dentin matrix proteins (DMP), (C) treatment with enamel matrix derivatives (EMD, Emdogain, Straumann), and (D) amine fluoride application (AMF, Elmex fluid, GABA). All samples were placed in artificial saliva for 21 days. A second micro-CT scan was performed, after which the change in gray scaling within a defined region of interest (0.25 mm3) was analyzed. ANCOVA was applied to discover statistical differences between the different treatments. Both, treatment with AMF; (P = 0.011 versus CON) as well as with DMP (P = 0.043 versus CON) yielded a statistically significant difference compared to the control treatment. EMD treatment was not found to differ (P > 0.05). Mainly the top layer of the defects showed clear signs of remineralization, which was also evident in CON. This study was able to visually confirm the remineralization potential of demineralized dentin especially after DMP application, which, however, did not outperform AMF. Based on this, additional studies combining proteins and fluorides are now warranted and ongoing.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Remineralization of Artificial Dentin Caries Using Dentin and Enamel Matrix Proteins

et al. 2019

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“…CT is a nondestructive method that provides cross-sectional images (CT images) of objects using X-ray attenuation. A conventional micro-CT has been used in the observation of time-course changes in remineralization (Nakata et al, 2012), demineralization (Watanabe et al, 2012) and remineralization of white-spot lesions (WSL) treated with NaF plus TCP systems (Asaizumi et al, 2013). In these experiments, a CT image is expressed as a spatial distribution of so-called CT values, which correspond to the X-ray linear attenuation coefficient (X-ray LAC) of a material obtained by tomographic reconstruction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro assessments of white-spot lesions treated with NaF plus tricalcium phosphate (TCP) toothpastes using synchrotron radiation micro computed tomography (SR micro-CT)

Asaizumi¹,

Uesugi²,

Hoshino³

et al. 2014

J. Dent. Oral Hyg.

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Synchrotron radiation micro-computed tomography (SR micro-CT), considered superior to standard polychromatic micro-CT techniques, was used to assess the densities of bovine enamel white-spot lesions (WSL) treated in a 10-day pH cycling model with either: (A) Clinpro Tooth Crème (0.21% NaF plus TCP), (B) Clinpro 5000 (1.1% NaF plus TCP) or (C) Tom's of Maine (0% NaF) dentifrice. Each day consisted of four 2 min treatments, one 4 h acid challenge (pH=5.0), and immersion in artificial saliva (pH=7.0) between these events. After 10 days, WSL specimens were evaluated for lesion depth using confocal microscopy and lesion density using SR micro-CT with depths ranging from 2.76 to 113.16 μm, in 2.76 μm slice increments. Statistical analyses (Student's t-test) were performed at the 95% confidence level. SR micro-CT analyses revealed the NaF plus TCP dentifrices improved WSL densities relative to the fluoride-free toothpaste, and is consistent with an earlier study utilizing polychromatic micro-CT. In contrast to previous findings, SR micro-CT analyses also revealed significant differences in WSL densities treated with the two NaF dentifrices at enamel depths of 13.80, 16.56, and 19.32 μm. These findings suggest SR micro-CT may be especially suited for detecting density differences in lesions sensitive to fluoride-driven remineralization processes.

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“…The averaged attenuation coefficients of all the tablets were then plotted against their densities to establish the relationship between the two variables 23) . The through-thickness density profiles of the exposed region obtained from the baseline, demineralization and remineralization scans were used to calculate the percentage of mineral volume recovery for each specimen using the following equation 24,25) .…”

Section: Adhesive Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remineralizing effect of cold plasma and/or bioglass on demineralized enamel

El-Wassefy

2017

Dental Materials Journal

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This study investigated the combining effect of cold plasma and bioglass-phosphoric acid paste on demineralized enamel. Fifty bovine incisors' enamel specimens were challenged by a demineralization solution of pH 4.47 for 72 h. Specimens were divided into five groups: (I) Control, demineralized enamel (C); (II) Demineralized enamel treated with fluoride varnish (F); (III) Cold plasma application to demineralized enamel (P); (IV) Demineralized enamel treated with bioglass paste (B); (V) Application of bioglass paste to cold plasma-treated demineralized enamel (PB). Specimens were then immersed in remineralizing solution for 24 h, before being examined with micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and cross-sectional micro-hardness measurement. The results showed that; treating demineralized enamel with cold plasmas before bioglass application ensued a significant high mineral volume recovery and micro-hardness of demineralized region. It can be concluded that cold plasmas may improve the remineralization of bioglass on demineralized enamel.

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An approach to normalizing micro-CT depth profiles of mineral density for monitoring enamel remineralization progress

Cited by 21 publications

References 16 publications

Remineralization of Artificial Dentin Caries Using Dentin and Enamel Matrix Proteins

Remineralization of Artificial Dentin Caries Using Dentin and Enamel Matrix Proteins

In vitro assessments of white-spot lesions treated with NaF plus tricalcium phosphate (TCP) toothpastes using synchrotron radiation micro computed tomography (SR micro-CT)

Remineralizing effect of cold plasma and/or bioglass on demineralized enamel

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