An approach for offloading with multi-hop considerations in an RSU signal overlay setting

Abstract

In recent years, significant advancements in vehicle technology have spurred growing interest in Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs). This interest is driven by concerns for road safety and the need to alleviate network congestion, leading to the emergence of Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS). ITS focuses on improving road traffic management and safety through the utilization of wireless and mobile network communication technologies. VANETs play a pivotal role within the realm of ITS, facilitating tasks such as enhancing road safety, traffic monitoring, and ensuring passenger comfort by mitigating accidents and congestion. These objectives rely on the timely and accurate delivery of data to vehicle agents and relevant authorities, facilitated by reliable VANETs and Road Signal Units (RSUs). Achieving this necessitates identifying optimal routes with minimal distance, high radio access, and quality-awareness levels. To address these objectives, this study proposes the utilization of the Congestion Network with Predicted K-means multi-hop RSU algorithm (CN-MHMR) to enhance vehicular networking and communication. This algorithm facilitates efficient node transfer from base nodes to destination nodes via the shortest and energy-efficient paths, thereby enabling viable and reliable vehicular communications. The performance of the proposed model was evaluated based on various metrics, including energy consumption, throughput, delay, packet delivery ratio, accuracy, precision, and recall values.