“…In general, the normalized Jones matrix of an optical sample is given as The 16 elements of the Mueller matrix are obtained by transforming its Jones matrix as [16]. It is noted that each element m ij is expressed as function of « pp , « ps , « sp , pp , ps , and sp .…”
Section: Stokes Polarimetry Methods For Extracting Effective Ellipsomementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Notably, in contrast to the method proposed in [10][11][12][13][14][15], the measurement process is based on six effective ellipsometric parameters, where these parameters are defined in previous studies by the present group [16,17]. The validity of the proposed approach is confirmed by comparing the experimental results for the sensitivity of the ellipsometric parameters to changes in the refractive index of the sensed media with the simulation results for four different gases, namely CO 2 , NH 3 , N 2 and air.…”
“…In general, the normalized Jones matrix of an optical sample is given as The 16 elements of the Mueller matrix are obtained by transforming its Jones matrix as [16]. It is noted that each element m ij is expressed as function of « pp , « ps , « sp , pp , ps , and sp .…”
Section: Stokes Polarimetry Methods For Extracting Effective Ellipsomementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Notably, in contrast to the method proposed in [10][11][12][13][14][15], the measurement process is based on six effective ellipsometric parameters, where these parameters are defined in previous studies by the present group [16,17]. The validity of the proposed approach is confirmed by comparing the experimental results for the sensitivity of the ellipsometric parameters to changes in the refractive index of the sensed media with the simulation results for four different gases, namely CO 2 , NH 3 , N 2 and air.…”
“…* Authors to whom any correspondence should be addressed. information, molecular spin detection, and ultrafast magnetic storage, etc [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. In these applications, it is critical to detect and measure the exact polarization state of light.…”
Polarization is a fundamental physical dimension of electromagnetic waves. However, experimental determination of polarization states of light is inherently challenging and inconvenient due to the loss of phase information in conventional optical characterization. In particular, the Stokes parameters are a critical indicator to fully describe arbitrary polarization state, which, however, require multiple intensity measurements in three orthogonal polarization bases. Here, we design and experimentally demonstrate a multi-tasking geometric phase element array to unveil all Stokes parameters in one shot. Such a method is convenient, broad-band, real-time with compact size to accurately characterize the complex polarization states of coherent light, which may find visionary applications in structured light microscopy, polarizable quantum computation, and communication, etc.
“…Besides, polarimeter can be also used for measuring several plasma parameters in fusion problem, such as Faraday rotation angle and Cotton-Mouton angle [7]- [9] in a magnetized plasma. Therefore, polarimeter, as a powerful tool, has been applied widely in many fields [10]- [12].…”
We demonstrate that the ellipsometric parameters of the isotropic samples can be measured by a partial polarimeter with only eight intensity measurements. Under the Gaussian and Poisson noises, we propose the optimal measurement matrices for the polarization state generator and the polarization state analyzer that minimize the total estimation variance of eight nonzero Mueller elements related to the ellipsometric parameters. In addition, since considering only four of the eight elements, the estimation variance can be further reduced, and we also introduce two proper criteria to find the optimal measurement matrices that robustly minimize the total estimation variance for these four Mueller elements. Compared with the existing measurement matrices based on 16 intensity measurements, our proposed matrices can effectively decrease the total estimation variance and, thus, improve the measurement precision of the Mueller matrix and ellipsometric parameters with only eight measurements. Furthermore, the proposed optimal measurement matrices do not depend on the Mueller elements of samples and thus not on the ellipsometric measurements.
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