An appraisal on synthetic and pharmaceutical perspectives of pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidine scaffold

One‐potandtwo‐potmethods for chalcone derived pyrimidines synthesis and applications

“…[53,54] antifungal, [55,56] antiviral, [57][58][59] antibacterial, [60] antimalarial, [61] anti-HIV, [62,63] antiulcer, [64] insecticide, [65] antineoplastic, [66] antiepileptic, [67] analgesic, [68] and anthelmintic. [69] Several commercially available drugs derived from pyrimidine are sildenafil (viagra), formycin A, [70] sulfadiazine, [71] pyrimethamine, [72] roscovitine, [73] indiplon, zaleplon, [74] ocinaplon, [75] dinaciclib, [75] fluorastrol, [76] 5-fluorouracil, [77] ispinesib, [78] volasertib, [79] pictilisib, monastrol, [80] and etravirine [81] (Figure 2).…”

Novel camphor-based pyrimidine derivatives induced cancer cell death through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis pathway

“…9 The majority of the commercially available drugs are built on heterocyclic scaffolds and these chemical fragments are responsible for desired pharmacological activity. 10 Pyrimidine, a six membered heterocyclic ring with nitrogen atom, exhibits various pharmacological activities such as anticancer, [11][12][13] antimicrobial, 14,15 antiviral, [16][17][18] anti-tubercular, 19,20 anti-inammatory, 21,22 antimalarial, 23,24 anti-diabetic 25 and antipyretic. 26 Among these diverse pyrimidine derivatives, amino-pyrimidine plays a vital role in the therapeutic activities against cancers, meanwhile, a large number of studies have been reported in recent years.…”

A Greener and Efficient Method for Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Nitrogen-Containing Fused Heterocycles

“…Substituted pyrimidine and pyrazine derivatives are a significant class of nitrogen-fused heterocycles, which are ubiquitous in many natural products and biologically active compounds in agrochemistry as well as in the pharmaceutical area. Over the past few decades, more and more drugs with fused bicyclic pyrimidine and pyrazine scaffolds have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for their significant biological activities, such as antitumor activities [ 19 , 20 , 21 ] and insomnia disorder [ 22 ]. In the major cases, the fused bicyclic pyrimidines exhibit an anticancer function by targeting different kinases [ 20 , 21 ], such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), Janus kinase (JAK), and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K), ( Figure 1 ).…”