An appraisal of cuticular wax of Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br.: Extraction, chemical composition, biosafety and application

Sharma, Priyal; Madhyastha, Harishkumar; Madhyastha, Radha; Nakajima, Yuchi; Maruyama, Masugi; Verma, Kumar Sambhav; Verma, Shashi Kant; Prasad, Jagdish; Kothari, S. L.; Gour, Vinod Singh

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.01.067

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The extraction of the epicuticular wax was performed using chloroform as solvent 15 . Extraction process was performed at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120 and 180 seconds in order to optimise the extraction process.…”

Section: Extraction and Estimation Of Epicuticular Waxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surface area was measured by digital image analysis using Image J software, and the amount of wax was obtained by extraction dipping the leaves in chloroform during different times 18 , then followed by the evaporation of chloroform 15 . The results were calculated using the following equation.…”

Section: Extraction and Estimation Of Epicuticular Waxmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epicuticular wax in leaf tissues act as a protective barrier against several biotic and abiotic factors 15 . In spite of being an important biological constituent, studies on role of epicuticular wax in leaf tissues of aroids are limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Occurrence of Epicuticular wax and its Role in Leaf Tissues of Three Edible Aroids Hails from North Eastern Hill Region of India

Pieniazek¹,

Dasgupta²,

Messina³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Localization of epicuticular wax (EW) content in leaf tissues and its interaction on leaf protective mechanisms of three edible aroids, Alocasia, Colocasia and Xanthosoma were assessed. Scanning electron microscopy depicted the occurrence of EW in leaf tissues which was higher in Colocasia (10.61 mg dm-2) and Xanthosoma (11.36 mg dm-2) than in Alocasia (1.36 mg dm-2). The result highlighted the interface of EW between the leaves and its internal and external environments. EW acted as a protecting barrier against deleterious solar radiation in term of sun protecting factor (SPF). Occurrence of EW also effectively managed leaf pigmentation, moisture retention, cellular membrane integrity against the invaders. Colocasia exhibited superhydrophobic properties with higher static contact angle (CA) >150o than hydrophobic Xanthosoma and Alocasia with CA ranged between 99.0o to 128.7o. Colocasia EW highly influenced the qualitative and protective mechanisms of leaf. Aroids are the cheapest sources of edible EW among the terrestrial plants could be used in food, agricultural and industrial applications.

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Section: Extraction and Estimation Of Epicuticular Waxmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extraction and Estimation Of Epicuticular Waxmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential Occurrence of Epicuticular wax and its Role in Leaf Tissues of Three Edible Aroids Hails from North Eastern Hill Region of India

Pieniazek¹,

Dasgupta²,

Messina³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Cuticular wax (CW) in leaf tissues acts as a protective barrier against several biotic and abiotic factors 19 such as adverse solar radiation and ultraviolet (UV) penetration, drought and cold injury, bacterial, fungal, and insect infestations 20 . CW in leaf cuticles forms plant-environment interface and plays an important role in photosynthesis, osmoregulation, and leaf gas exchange.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Occurrence of Cuticular Wax and Its Role In Leaf Tissues of Three Edible Aroids of Northeast India

Pieniazek

Dasgupta

Messina

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Localization of cuticular wax (CW) on the leaf epidermis and its interaction with physiological mechanisms of three edible aroids, Alocasia, Colocasia, and Xanthosoma, were assessed. Scanning electron microscopy depicted the occurrence of CW in the leaf tissues, which was higher in Colocasia (10.61 mg dm-2) and Xanthosoma (11.36 mg dm-2) than in Alocasia (1.36 mg dm-2). Higher CW in Colocasia and Xanthosoma strengthened leaf epidermis and improved the physiological processes compared to Alocasia. CW acted as a protecting barrier against deleterious solar radiation in terms of sun protection factor (SPF). The glossy appearance of wax crystals in the Alocasia leaf cuticles resulted in higher SPF. The occurrence of CW was directly related to leaf chlorophyll stability, moisture retention ability, and cellular membrane integrity in the leaf tissues. Colocasia exhibited superhydrophobic properties with higher static contact angle (CA) >150o than hydrophobic Xanthosoma, and Alocasia with CA ranged between 99.0o to 128.7o. Colocasia CW highly influenced the qualitative and protective mechanisms of the leaf. Aroids are the cheapest sources of edible CW among the terrestrial plants, which could be used in food, agricultural and industrial applications.

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“…Similarly, the wax extracted with acetone was not toxic to M5S cells when used at 1 μg/ml based on lactato desidrogenase (LDH) assay. However, the cytotoxicity increased to 57.2% when cells were treated with 3 μg/ml (Sharma et al, 2019).…”

Section: Toxicity Of Calotropis Proceramentioning

confidence: 95%

>b<Evaluation of the antitumor effect of >i<Calotropis procera>/i< (Aiton) Dryand (Apocynaceae) >i<in vitro>/i< and >i<in vivo>/i<>/b<

Rabêlo¹

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O câncer é o principal problema de saúde pública no mundo e embora avanços terapêuticos tenham sido feitos, ainda existem muitas lacunas. Nesse sentido, o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito antitumoral de Calotropis procera, uma planta popularmente utilizada para tratar diversas doenças, especialmente relacionadas às desordens gástricas e inflamatórias. Para tal, dividimos a tese em três capítulos, sendo o primeiro uma revisão geral dos principais fitoquímicos e efeitos biológicos descritos para essa espécie vegetal. No segundo capítulo, realizamos a caracterização do extrato etanólico bruto das folhas de C. procera (CE), onde foram encontrados principalmente flavonoides, glicosídeos e cardenolídeos. Também avaliamos o potencial antitumoral de CE e das frações metanólica (MF) e acetato de etila (EAF) em células de tumor canino mamário (CMT) e osteossarcoma canino (OST). Como controle positivo foi utilizado o quimioterápico doxorrubicina. Os resultados demonstraram que o tratamento com os extratos de C. procera reduziram a viabilidade celular e proliferação de CMT e OST, refletindo no aprisionamento das células na fase G0/G1. C. procera também alterou a morfologia das células tumorais, deixando-as mais arredondadas e menores, o que é sugestivo de apoptose. De fato, mediante a análise por citometria de fluxo, foi comprovado que C. procera aumentou caspase-3, reduziu angiogênese, o processo de transição epitélio mesenquimal, e aumentou p53 nas células OST; além de reduzir PCNA nas células CMT. Por fim, no terceiro capítulo avaliamos o potencial antimetastático do extrato fenólico bruto de C. procera (CphE) em células de câncer de mama 4T1 e em tumores mamários de camundongos num modelo xenográfico. A quercetina, um dos flavonoides presentes na C. procera, foi utilizada como controle positivo. Os resultados in vitro demonstraram que CphE reduziu a viabilidade das células 4T1; os níveis de ROS; induziu apoptose; modulou as vias de crescimento celular Akt/mTOR e MAPK; reduziu migração celular; e amenizou a transição epitélio-mesenquimal. In vivo, C. procera reduziu ERK1/2 nos tumores mamários, e reduziu metástase hepática e pulmonar, através da redução de Cenpf e Twist. Todos esses resultados analisados em conjunto sugerem fortemente que C. procera apresenta um grande potencial como agente antitumoral.

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An appraisal of cuticular wax of Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br.: Extraction, chemical composition, biosafety and application

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Differential Occurrence of Epicuticular wax and its Role in Leaf Tissues of Three Edible Aroids Hails from North Eastern Hill Region of India

Differential Occurrence of Epicuticular wax and its Role in Leaf Tissues of Three Edible Aroids Hails from North Eastern Hill Region of India

Differential Occurrence of Cuticular Wax and Its Role In Leaf Tissues of Three Edible Aroids of Northeast India

>b<Evaluation of the antitumor effect of >i<Calotropis procera>/i< (Aiton) Dryand (Apocynaceae) >i<in vitro>/i< and >i<in vivo>/i<>/b<

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