An Application of (3+1)‐Dimensional Time‐Space Fractional ZK Model to Analyze the Complex Dust Acoustic Waves

Abstract

Dust plasma is a new field of physics which has developed rapidly in recent decades. The study of dust plasma has received much attention due to its importance in the environment of space and the Earth. Dust acoustic waves are generated because of the inertia of dust mass while the restoring force is provided by the thermal pressure of electrons and ions. Since dust acoustic waves were first reported theoretically in unmagnetized dust plasma by Rao et al., they have become a research hot spot. In this paper, the excitation of dust acoustic waves by a gravity field in a dust plasma is analyzed. According to the control equations of dust plasma motion and employing multiscale analysis and perturbation method, we have obtained a (3+1)-dimensional ZK model. Because of the space property of dust plasma, (3+1)-dimensional ZK equation is more suitable than KdV equation and (2+1)-dimensional ZK equation to describe the real dust acoustic waves. Then, the (3+1)-dimensional time-space fractional ZK (TSF-ZK) equation describing the fractal process of nonlinear dust acoustic waves is given for the first time. To further explore how dust acoustic waves change energy as they travel, we discuss the conservation laws of the new model. Moreover, we study the exact solution of (3+1)-dimensional TSF-ZK equation by using extended Kudryashov method. Finally, based on the exact solution, we further investigate the effect of the parameter k, the charge properties of dust particle Zd0, the fractional order values α, β, γ, and θ, the temperature Td, the gravity g, and the collision frequency β0 and β1 on the properties of dust acoustic waves by a gravity field in dust plasma.

Analysis of Memreactance with Fractional Kinetics

“…As a result, different fractional derivatives describe the effect of the past state, i.e., memory effect, of an arbitrary system in different manners. e applications of the fractional calculus concept and fractional derivatives can be found in many research areas, e.g., biomedical engineering [11,12], control system [13][14][15], electrical/electronic engineering [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], and plasma physics [31,32].…”

Fractional KdV and Boussenisq‐Burger's equations, reduction to PDE and stability approaches

“…Thus, traveling wave solution is found by using the transformation . While in the first case of self similar solutions can be derived …”

“…While in the first case of self similar solutions can be derived. [34][35][36][37] Very recently, in studying the fractional equations that arise in shallow water waves, authors are trying to find approximate solutions either analytically or numerically. [16][17][18][19][20] The present work discusses the details about the results found in these works.…”

Fractional Theoretical Model for Gravity Waves and Squall Line in Complex Atmospheric Motion

“…In addition, these studies describe classical gravity solitary waves [22,23]. In fact, some classical gravity solitary wave models, such as the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation, and Boussinesq equation, describe the propagation of gravity solitary waves in a certain direction [24][25][26][27]. But, true gravity solitary waves travel in both directions [28].…”