An apparatus for temperature-dependent soft X-ray resonant magnetic scattering

Jaouen, N.; Tonnerre, J. M.; Kapoujian, Grigor; Taunier, P.; Roux, Jean-Jacques; Raoux, D.; Sirotti, Fausto

doi:10.1107/s0909049504013767

Cited by 54 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…42 These measurements were performed at the SEXTANTS beamline of the SOLEIL synchrotron. 43 vacuum and LNO. Additionally, the overall magnitude of the magnetization is strongly reduced compared to the rough bilayer and appears to be negligible at the interface with LNO (bottom).…”

Section: Abstract: Interface Engineering Manganites Nickelates Magmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Control of Magnetic Properties at LaMnO₃/LaNiO₃ Interfaces

et al. 2015

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Section: Abstract: Interface Engineering Manganites Nickelates Magmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Control of Magnetic Properties at LaMnO₃/LaNiO₃ Interfaces

et al. 2015

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“…They have been performed in reflectivity conditions for circularly left (CL) and right (CR) incident X-ray beam polarizations at the Co L3 edge (photon energy = 778.2 eV) using the RESOXS diffractometer [18]. The diffracted X-rays are collected on a Peltier-cooled square CCD detector covering 6.1° at the working distance of this study.…”

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confidence: 99%

Chirality in Magnetic Multilayers Probed by the Symmetry and the Amplitude of Dichroism in X-Ray Resonant Magnetic Scattering

et al. 2018

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Chirality is central to understand many fundamental mechanisms in various domains of physics and chemistry. In condensed matter, a large variety of physical phenomena hinge on the emergence of these complex chiral windings of order parameters, their observation and subsequently their control especially in magnetism and spintransport at the nanoscale. The ability to probe the nature of these chiral magnetic textures has now become a crucial element of modern magnetism and is therefore essential to gain a deeper understanding of these mechanisms. Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) revealed that magnetic textures with a cycloidal configuration of the magnetization and Néel domain walls are stabilized in ultra-thin magnetic films (one or a few atomic layers) on heavy metal substrates [1] . It was realized that these magnetic textures are stabilized by Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction [2,3], (∑ 〈 〉• × , with Si and Sj two neighboring spins) which is the anti-symmetric analog of the Heisenberg interaction favoring a curling magnetization textures around the DM vector . The DM interaction requires spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and broken inversion symmetry, found either in specific crystalline structures, such as B20 materials [4], or at film interfaces [5,6].In this letter, we demonstrate that XRMS experiments (Figure 1a) allow us to reveal the actual magnetic textures existing in ultrathin magnetic multilayers with perpendicular anisotropy and large interfacial chiral interaction. Importantly, this determination is straightforward and does not require any assumptions or careful comparison to parameter-dependent micromagnetic simulations. Moreover, the circular dichroism in XMRS enables to identify directly not only the direction but also the sense of the magnetic winding and therefore of the actual sign of DM interaction as we proved by a thorough analysis. This information has a far-reaching impact in particular for spin-orbitronics and spin-orbit torque (SOT) studies. Indeed, SOT is a recent very promising approach to move efficiently domain walls [7] and magnetic skyrmions along magnetic race-tracks and shows therefore a great potential for future spintronic devices. Yet, the detailed texture of the domain walls plays a major role in their motion [8]: the DW high speed is related to its nature (Néel or Bloch) while its direction of motion depends on its chirality [7]. Besides, DM interaction can play an important role for existing technological applications in spintronics already using ultrathin magnetic multilayers with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy such as MRAM or detectors, in which the presence and the impact of non-negligible DM interaction has been largely overlooked (see e.g. [9,10]), emphasizing thus the need to probe its consequences on magnetic textures. XRMS presents several advantages that might soon turn it to a standard way to characterize and quantify the DM interaction. First, XMRS is a non-perturbative technique contrary to the approach based on magnetic domain analysis th...

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“…The RXD data were collected at the SIM beamline of the Swiss Light Source using the RESOXS chamber [12]. The experiments were performed as in conventional diffraction but with the incident energy varied through the O K-edge whilst moving the diffractometer angles to maintain the diffraction condition.…”

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Direct Observation of Oxygen Superstructures in Manganites

et al. 2007

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We report the observation of superstructures associated with the oxygen 2p-states in two prototypical manganites using x-ray diffraction at the oxygen K-edge. We determine the nature of the orderings and discuss our picture with respect to novel theoretical models. In the stripe order system Bi0.31Ca0.69MnO3, hole-doped O states are found to be orbitally ordered, at the same propagation vector as the Mn orbital ordering, but no evidence is found to support a picture of oxygen charge stripes at this periodicity. In La 7 8 Sr 1 8 MnO3, we observe a 2p charge ordering described by alternating hole-poor and hole-rich MnO planes that is consistent with recent predictions.Fascinating macroscopic properties may emerge from the electronic and magnetic orderings that occur in 3d metal oxides doped with charge carriers. In doped cuprates, charge and spin stripes could be relevant to high-T C superconductivity [1], and the colossal magnetoresistance of doped manganites is fundamentally related to the stability, in a magnetic field, of an ordering of polarons together with an ordering of charge, orbital and magnetic moments on the Mn atoms [2]. The relationship between the orderings and the transport properties has been adressed both theoretically and experimentally concentrating on the 3d metal atoms, often neglecting the ligands' degrees of freedom. However, because the active states are not ionic 3d metal orbitals, but, rather hybridized metal 3d -oxygen 2p states, an ordering of the oxygens may be related to the ordering of the metals. In cuprates, the role of the oxygen atom is now always considered and, taking a recent example, the ordering of hole-doped oxygens was directly observed and discussed in the context of the stripes [3].In manganites, an electronic ordering on oxygens has not been detected yet although recent experiments suggested a crucial role of the O atoms in the polaronic, electronic, and magnetic orderings of the Mn atoms. A relation between conductivity and the O electronic configuration was identified [4]; spectroscopic studies indicated a small charge disproportionation on Mn atoms instead of an ionic charge ordering (Mn 4+ /Mn 3+ ) [5], and a crystallographic study proposed that the oxygen atom bridges an electron between two Mn atoms of nearly the same valence, coupling them magnetically [6]. At the heart of these results is the explicit role of the 2p − 3d hybridization in determining the magnetic exchange couplings and conductivity, the traditional picture being the one where the atomic 3d orbitals define exchange magnetic pathways between Mn atoms, the oxygen 2p states being filled.Meanwhile, new theoretical models beyond the Mncentered description also suggested that oxygen superstructures play an important role in determining the ground states. Ferrari et al. [7] explained the insulating behavior of the charge/orbitally orded half-doped system by an ordering of O holes -"oxygen stripes" of varying valences (incidentally, having the same periodicity as the Mn orbital ordering). Efremov et al...

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An apparatus for temperature-dependent soft X-ray resonant magnetic scattering

Cited by 54 publications

References 17 publications

Interfacial Control of Magnetic Properties at LaMnO₃/LaNiO₃ Interfaces

Interfacial Control of Magnetic Properties at LaMnO₃/LaNiO₃ Interfaces

Chirality in Magnetic Multilayers Probed by the Symmetry and the Amplitude of Dichroism in X-Ray Resonant Magnetic Scattering

Direct Observation of Oxygen Superstructures in Manganites

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An apparatus for temperature-dependent soft X-ray resonant magnetic scattering

Cited by 54 publications

References 17 publications

Interfacial Control of Magnetic Properties at LaMnO3/LaNiO3 Interfaces

Interfacial Control of Magnetic Properties at LaMnO3/LaNiO3 Interfaces

Chirality in Magnetic Multilayers Probed by the Symmetry and the Amplitude of Dichroism in X-Ray Resonant Magnetic Scattering

Direct Observation of Oxygen Superstructures in Manganites

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Interfacial Control of Magnetic Properties at LaMnO₃/LaNiO₃ Interfaces

Interfacial Control of Magnetic Properties at LaMnO₃/LaNiO₃ Interfaces