An anteroposterior wave of vascular inhibitor downregulation signals aortae fusion along the embryonic midline axis

Garriock, Robert J.; Czeisler, Catherine; Ishíi, Yasuo; Navetta, A; Matsukawa, Takashi

doi:10.1242/dev.051664

Cited by 42 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…1C). This process seems to be allowed by an anteroposterior wave of Chordin mRNA attenuation in the notochord, prior to dorsal aorta fusion (Garriock et al, 2010). Interestingly, at this developmental point, MGP expression is seen in the notochord and not in the dorsal aorta (Fig.…”

Section: In Some Regions Of the Atrium (Yellow Hastag) And In The Sinmentioning

confidence: 90%

Matrix Gla Protein expression pattern in the early avian embryo

Correia¹,

Conceição²,

Cancela³

et al. 2016

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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MGP (Matrix Gla Protein) is an extracellular matrix vitamin K dependent protein previously identified as a physiological inhibitor of calcification and shown to be well conserved among vertebrates during evolution. MGP is involved in other mechanisms such as TGF-b and BMP activity, and a proposed modulator of cell-matrix interactions. MGP is expressed early in vertebrate development although its role has not been clarified. Previous work in the chicken embryo found MGP localization predominantly in the aorta and aortic valve base, but no data is available earlier in development. Here we examined MGP expression pattern using whole-mount in situ hybridization and histological sectioning during the initial stages of chick development. MGP was first detected at HH10 in the head and in the forming dorsal aorta. At the moment of the onset of blood circulation, MGP was expressed additionally in the venous plexus which will remodel into the vitelline arteries. By E2.25, it is clear that the vitelline arteries are MGP positive. MGP expression progresses centrifugally throughout the area vasculosa of the yolk sac. Between stages HH17 and HH19 MGP is seen in the dorsal aorta, heart, notochord, nephric duct, roof plate, vitelline arteries and in the yolk sac, beneath main arterial branches and in the vicinity of several vessels and venules. MGP expression persists in these areas at least until E4.5. These data suggest that MGP expression could be associated with cell migration and differentiation and to the onset of angiogenesis in the developing chick embryo. This data has biomedical relevance by pointing to the potential use of chick embryo explants to study molecules involved in artery calcification. KEY WORDS: MGP, angiogenesis, heart development, brain development, yolk sacMatrix Gla Protein (MGP) is a small secreted protein present in the extracellular matrix (ECM) that is known to be a physiological inhibitor of calcification. The correlation between the absence of functional MGP and aberrant calcification of both arteries and cartilage was clearly established following the development of the MGP knock-out mice (Luo et al., 1997). In humans, MGP mutations are the genetic basis of the Keutel syndrome (KS), a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by abnormal cartilage calcification, brachytelephalangism, peripheral pulmonary artery stenosis, hearing loss, and facial abnormalities (Keutel et al., 1971;Hur et al., 2005).Multiple functions have been associated to MGP. These functions include the regulation of calcium phosphate transport (Price et al., 2002), the activity of TGF-b1 (Bostrom et al., 2004), the inhibition of BMP2 (Wallin et al., 2000), BMP4, and BMP7 by direct binding Int. J. Dev. Biol. 60: 71-76 (2016) ( Yao et al., 2011), the maintenance of BMP and Notch signaling balance and the maintenance of normal endothelial cell function (Sharma and Albig, 2013;Yao et al., 2013).Nonetheless, MGP appears early in development, being expressed in a specific pattern in embryonic tissues, suggesting a...

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Section: In Some Regions Of the Atrium (Yellow Hastag) And In The Sinmentioning

confidence: 90%

Matrix Gla Protein expression pattern in the early avian embryo

Correia¹,

Conceição²,

Cancela³

et al. 2016

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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“…The paired dorsal aortae subsequently fuse at the midline to create the DA (Garriock et al, 2010). The LP origin of the DA has been further confirmed by lineage labelling using a HoxB6-Cre line, crossed with a Rosa26 reporter line, that uses the LP enhancer element of HoxB6 (Wasteson et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

VEGFA-dependent and -independent pathways synergise to drive Scl expression and initiate programming of the blood stem cell lineage in Xenopus

et al. 2013

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SUMMARYThe first haematopoietic stem cells share a common origin with the dorsal aorta and derive from putative adult haemangioblasts in the dorsal lateral plate (DLP) mesoderm. Here we show that the transcription factor (TF) stem cell leukaemia (Scl/Tal1) is crucial for development of these adult haemangioblasts in Xenopus and establish the regulatory cascade controlling its expression. We show that VEGFA produced in the somites is required to initiate adult haemangioblast programming in the adjacent DLP by establishing endogenous VEGFA signalling. This response depends on expression of the VEGF receptor Flk1, driven by Fli1 and Gata2. Scl activation requires synergy between this VEGFA-controlled pathway and a VEGFA-independent pathway controlled by Fli1, Gata2 and Etv2/Etsrp/ER71, which also drives expression of the Scl partner Lmo2. Thus, the two ETS factors Fli1 and Etv6, which drives the VEGFA expression in both somites and the DLP, sit at the top of the adult haemangioblast gene regulatory network (GRN). Furthermore, Gata2 is initially activated by Fli1 but later maintained by another ETS factor, Etv2. We also establish that Flk1 and Etv2 act independently in the two pathways to Scl activation. Thus, detailed temporal, epistatic measurements of key TFs and VEGFA plus its receptor have enabled us to build a Xenopus adult haemangioblast GRN.

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“…The primary dorsal aortae gradually change position from lateral to medial. Eventually, both dorsal aortae fuse in the midline of the embryo ventral to the notochord, which leads to the formation of a single large median aorta (Wiegreffe et al, 2007;Garriock et al, 2010). Initially, the intersegmental arteries branch off in dorsal direction from the paired dorsal aortae, passing in between the sclerotomes before re-segmentation.…”

Section: T Wintrich Et Al: Foramina In Plesiosaur Cervical Centramentioning

confidence: 99%

Foramina in plesiosaur cervical centra indicate a specialized vascular system

Scaal

Sander

2017

Foss. Rec.

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Abstract. The sauropterygian clade Plesiosauria arose in the Late Triassic and survived to the very end of the Cretaceous. A long, flexible neck with over 35 cervicals (the highest number of cervicals in any tetrapod clade) is a synapomorphy of Pistosauroidea, the clade that contains Plesiosauria. Basal plesiosaurians retain this very long neck but greatly reduce neck flexibility. In addition, plesiosaurian cervicals have large, paired, and highly symmetrical foramina on the ventral side of the centrum, traditionally termed "subcentral foramina", and on the floor of the neural canal. We found that these dorsal and the ventral foramina are connected by a canal that extends across the center of ossification of the vertebral centrum. We posit that these foramina are not for nutrient transfer to the vertebral centrum but that they are the osteological correlates of a highly paedomorphic vascular system in the neck of plesiosaurs. This is the retention of intersegmental arteries within the vertebral centrum that are usually obliterated during sclerotome re-segmentation in early embryonic development. The foramina and canals are a rare osteological correlate of the non-cranial vascular (arterial) system in fossil reptiles. The adaptive value of the retention of the intersegmental arteries may be improved oxygen transport during deep diving and thermoregulation. These features may have been important in the global dispersal of plesiosaurians.

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An anteroposterior wave of vascular inhibitor downregulation signals aortae fusion along the embryonic midline axis

Cited by 42 publications

References 63 publications

Matrix Gla Protein expression pattern in the early avian embryo

Matrix Gla Protein expression pattern in the early avian embryo

VEGFA-dependent and -independent pathways synergise to drive Scl expression and initiate programming of the blood stem cell lineage in Xenopus

Foramina in plesiosaur cervical centra indicate a specialized vascular system

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