An anomalous dependence of the elastic modulus of aramid fibers on strain

The introduction of benzimidazole and ether moieties into poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide): effects on its microstructure, interactions and properties

“…Subsequently, Russian scientists introduced p-phenylene diamine (p-PDA) into the SVM molecular chain to produce Armos ber, and they registered a patent in 1978. [12][13][14][15] The tensile strength of the Armos ber exceeded 4.9 GPa in 1987 and increased to 5.5 GPa in the 1990s with the development of spinning technology. In addition, the former Soviet Union used 3,4 0 -oxidianiline (3,4 0 -ODA) and BIA as monomers to carry out terpolymerization to obtain amide-soluble copolymers and prepare them through stock solution spinning, with strengths of 5.0-5.5 GPa and modulus of 130-140 GPa; these are comparable to highperformance carbon bers and are the strongest among all aramid bers today.…”