An anatomical model to determine step height in step testing for estimating aerobic capacity

Culpepper, M. I.; Francis, Kennon

doi:10.1016/s0022-5193(87)80199-6

Cited by 28 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Three readings were taken for each variable and the average of the second and third measures were used in the analysis. The same three variables were assessed 15 seconds after completion of a step test in which subjects maintained vigorous exercise for 3 minutes (Culpepper and Francis 1987). These physical 'stress' blood pressures and heart rates were measured automatically with an oscillometric device (Dinamap 18465X).…”

Section: Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent blood pressure, anger expression and hostility: possible links with body fat

Mueller

Meininger

Liehr

et al. 1998

Annals of Human Biology

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An uncertain relation between health and angry/hostile behaviour exists in the literature on adolescents. With data from a pilot study, one possible reason for this is explored: health measures such as blood pressure as well as angry/hostile behaviours may change with, or depend upon physical maturity, body size and body fatness. The sample consists of 60 African-, Hispanic-, and Anglo-American adolescents (15 to 16 years of age) drawn from a public school in Houston, TX. Using resting diastolic blood pressure as a model, in a sex stratified analysis, the following conclusions were reached: Physical maturity in girls and body height in boys were related to ethnicity in the sample and were confounders of the blood pressure and anger relationship. In girls secretive anger ('anger-in') and hostility were associated with increased body fat; expressive anger ('anger-out') in boys is associated with increased conicity (central body fat distribution) (p < 0.01). These associations were independent of height and physical maturity. Hostility was not significantly related to diastolic blood pressure in boys after adjusting for height and conicity. 'Anger-in' was significantly and positively related to diastolic blood pressure in girls (p < 0.01). This relationship was strongly mediated by per cent body fat, because the association of 'anger-in' and blood pressure was no longer statistically significant when the model included body fat. The results suggest that measures of physical maturity and more refined measures of body fat and body fat distribution should be considered in studies attempting to link adolescent blood pressure with anger expression.

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Section: Dependent Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent blood pressure, anger expression and hostility: possible links with body fat

Mueller

Meininger

Liehr

et al. 1998

Annals of Human Biology

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show abstract

“…Proper corrections of step height and hip angle can accommodate a subject to perform a step test more conveniently and that provides a better estimation of aerobic capacity (Culpepper and Francis 1987). But, the practical problem of such corrections is that it is Values are presented as mean + standard deviation NS = Not signifi cant to be adjusted in case of each and every individual who is performing the test and that deviates from the standard norm of a testing protocol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The HST was designed on the Western population whose stature and knee height are generally higher than those of the populations of Eastern countries like India. Culpepper and Francis (1987) reported that accommodation of step height to the subject's statute height is needed for the better estimation of aerobic capacity, but such adjustment procedure needs complicated modifi cations for each subject with respect to the individual's body height, knee height and hip angle. Moreover, Ashley, et al, (1997) reported that step tests based on subjects' stature do not more accurately predict the aerobic capacity than those using a standardized bench height.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Queen's College Step Test as an Alternative of Harvard Step Test in Young Indian Women

Bandyopadhyay

2008

Int. J. Sport Health Sci.

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Indian women often report premature exhaustion in the lower limb while performing the Harvard step test (HST) for measurement of physical fi tness index (PFI) whereas they can easily perform the Queen's college step test (QCT). 155 sedentary females of 19-24 years were selected for the study from Institute of Dental Sciences, UP, India to evaluate the applicability of QCT as an alternative of HST. They were divided into study group (n=100) and confi rmatory group (n=55). All subjects performed QCT comfortably but 35 (20 from study group and 15 from confi rmatory group) of them could not properly perform the HST due to premature fatigue in their legs and therefore these 35 subjects were discarded from the study. Existence of signifi cant correlation (r =-0.90, P<0.001) between PFI and QCT heart rate depicted the following prediction norm for PFI from QCT heart rate : Y = 195.06 -3.09 X (SEE = 3.09). Prediction of PFI by this norm in the confi rmatory group showed insignifi cant variation with the directly measured value from the HST. Bland and Altman's analysis also indicated that QCT norm predicts the PFI with 95% confi dence interval. Moreover, QCT is easy to perform and the derived norm from QCT predicted the PFI score with substantially small standard error of estimate. Therefore, QCT is recommended as a valid and authentic test for evaluating PFI in young sedentary females of Uttar Pradesh, India.

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“…When using the original version of the Harvard (Brouha, 1943) test, various authors have expressed concern about choice of an appropriate step height, even in adults (Culpepper and Francis, 1987;Datta etal, 1974;Francis and Brasher, 1992;Tuxworth and Shahnawaz, 1977). However, the subject's score on the standard CHFT is independent of leg length over a wide range, from 0.75 to 1.01 m (Thomas etal, 1993) or 30 to 50% of leg length (Cicutti et al, 1991).…”

Section: Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of the step test in field evaluation of aerobic fitness: The Canadian home fitness test and its analogues

Shephard

1995

Sports Medicine, Training and Rehabilitation

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An anatomical model to determine step height in step testing for estimating aerobic capacity

Cited by 28 publications

References 6 publications

Adolescent blood pressure, anger expression and hostility: possible links with body fat

Adolescent blood pressure, anger expression and hostility: possible links with body fat

Queen's College Step Test as an Alternative of Harvard Step Test in Young Indian Women

Current status of the step test in field evaluation of aerobic fitness: The Canadian home fitness test and its analogues

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