An analytical review of current S-box design methodologies, performance evaluation criteria, and major challenges

Waheed, Adil; Subhan, Fazli; Su’ud, Mazliham Mohd; Alam, M. S.; Ahmad, Shazaad

doi:10.1007/s11042-023-14910-3

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The purpose of this subsection is to provide a comprehensive and brief explanation of the fundamental elements of Boolean function and S-box in relation to cryptography [27,36].…”

Section: Essential Cryptographic Properties Of S-box and Boolean Func...mentioning

confidence: 99%

S-box design based on logistic skewed chaotic map and modified Rabin-Karp algorithm: applications to multimedia security

Waheed,

Subhan

2024

Phys. Scr.

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A substitution box (S-box) serves as the nonlinearity component in a symmetric key encryption scheme; it directly determines the performance and security level of ciphers. Thus, the construction of an S-box with superior performance and efficiency, specifically in terms of high cryptographic properties, is critical. This research proposes a novel method to construct the S-box using the skewed logistic chaotic map and modified Rabin-Karp rolling hash function without disturbing its mathematical structure. First, iterate the skewed logistic map by selecting a seed value and specifying the parameters to generate the chaotic values. The map's sensitivity to initial conditions and parameters results in a seemingly random and unpredictable chaotic values. Second, hash the chaotic values using Rabin-Karp for generating sequences of numbers within a specific range (0–255 for an 8-bit S-box). Then an S-box is constructed using the hash values. Performance evaluations indicate that the S-box produced through our suggested approach exhibits superior performance, demonstrating robust resistance against various security threats, including but not limited to linear attacks, differential attacks, and others. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the constructed S-box, this paper goes on to employ it in an image encryption application. Security analyses reveal that the developed image encryption algorithm successfully encrypts diverse types of images, producing cipher images characterized by uniformly distributed histograms. Performance assessments illustrate its high-security level, surpassing several state-of-the-art encryption algorithms.

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“…The purpose of this subsection is to provide a comprehensive and brief explanation of the fundamental elements of Boolean function and S-box in relation to cryptography [27,36].…”

Section: Essential Cryptographic Properties Of S-box and Boolean Func...mentioning

confidence: 99%

S-box design based on logistic skewed chaotic map and modified Rabin-Karp algorithm: applications to multimedia security

Waheed,

Subhan

2024

Phys. Scr.

Self Cite

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“…The inherent correlation between the input and output of an S-Box is also checked through the notion of linear probability [44]. Lower value of LP is desirable for the robust S-Box.…”

Section: E Linear-probability (Lp)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevating Network Security: A Novel S-Box Algorithm for Robust Data Encryption

Alqahtani,

Akram,

Ali

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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In an era characterized by ever-increasing data exchange across different networks, the importance of robust network security measures cannot be overemphasized. Cryptographic algorithms, on the other hand, perform a vital role in imparting security to the sensitive information during transmission, with S-Boxes (Substitution Boxes) serving as a fundamental component of symmetric-key ciphers. This study has endeavored to engineer a novel S-Box algorithm to bolster the network security. Moreover, the core focus of the suggested algorithm lies in enhancing the confidentiality, defiance to nefarious designs of cryptanalysis savvy, and overall cryptographic strength of data encryption in network communication. Random numbers spawned by the 5D multi-wing hyperchaotic system have been employed to design the proposed box. Apart from that, Rook -a chess piece has been used in this regard. Particularly, the random walk of Rook on the 16 × 16 hypothetical chessboard has been capitalized to sufficiently permute the data of the potential S-Box. Through a comprehensive performance evaluation and cryptographic analyses, the proposed S-Box algorithm exhibits superior resilience against diverse threats thus fortifying network security effectively. In particular, the state of the art security parameters like bijectivity, non-linearity (NL), strict-avalanche criterion (SAC), bit-independence criterion (BIC), linear probability (LP) and differential probability (DP) have been used. This work, no doubt, contributes significantly to the ever-evolving field of network security.

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“…S-box is an essential nonlinear component in cryptography and usually uses it for substitution operations in cryptographic algorithms. S-box is a necessary technical means to improve the security of cryptographic algorithms [2]. The primary function of the S-box is to map input bit blocks to output bit blocks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Khan M et al [9] proposed a new Gingerbreadman two-dimensional chaotic map and generated the sequence through it. Obtaining the sequence by discretizing the sequence scale to the finite field GF (2,8). It is an S-box with 8-bit input.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of S-box multi-objective optimization algorithm based on combined chaotic system

Tong,

Cheng,

Wang

et al. 2024

Phys. Scr.

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S-box is the only nonlinear cryptographic component that determines the security of the block cipher. The higher the security of the S-box, the higher the security of the block cipher. Therefore, this paper proposes an S-box multi-objective optimization algorithm based on the combined chaotic system. Firstly, designing an integrated chaotic system based on a fractional index and its dynamic behavior is studied; it shows incredibly high-performance stability and chaotic parameter range coverage in the entire parameter space. A novel chaotic S-box construction algorithm is proposed based on the combined chaotic system. It introduces a linear congruential pseudo-random number generator to extend the sequence period and scramble the chaotic S-box through Henon mapping to improve the nonlinearity of the s-box. Finally, introducing a teaching and learning multi-objective optimization model and the performance evaluation criteria of the S-box are incorporated into the design of the objective function; this design enables the resulting S-box to perform well under multiple performance indicators, and then the approximate optimal S-box in the population is obtained. Through the performance test of the approximate optimal S-box, the comparative analysis shows that the S-box has good cryptographic performance, can resist linear analysis and differential analysis, and has a good application prospect in lightweight cipher.

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An analytical review of current S-box design methodologies, performance evaluation criteria, and major challenges

Cited by 10 publications

References 63 publications

S-box design based on logistic skewed chaotic map and modified Rabin-Karp algorithm: applications to multimedia security

S-box design based on logistic skewed chaotic map and modified Rabin-Karp algorithm: applications to multimedia security

Elevating Network Security: A Novel S-Box Algorithm for Robust Data Encryption

Design of S-box multi-objective optimization algorithm based on combined chaotic system

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