An analytical pathway of consumption expenditure with neighborhood deprivation and depression on cognitive health among elderly in India: A moderated mediation approach

Shaw, Subhojit; Jana, Arup; Kundu, Sampurna

doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.04.060

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Only a relatively small fraction of the variance in dementia risk was explained by depressive symptomatology. This is contrary to expectation that depression could be the pathological manifestation of high social deprivation leading to dementia (Calcia et al ., 2016 ; Peña-Bautista et al ., 2020 ; Shaw et al ., 2022 ). Other pathways not considered in this work likely play a larger role in the association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fernández-Niño et al ., 2014 ; Wickham et al ., 2014 ; Cohen-Cline et al ., 2018 ; Ye et al ., 2021 ), and the association is mediated by chronic stressors (Wickham et al ., 2014 ). Depression, in turn, is related to poor cognition (Shaw et al ., 2022 ). It is associated with pathological brain changes (Geerlings et al ., 2013 ; Belzung et al ., 2015 ) and with dementia risk (Livingston et al ., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is associated with pathological brain changes (Geerlings et al ., 2013 ; Belzung et al ., 2015 ) and with dementia risk (Livingston et al ., 2020 ). Indeed, recently it has been found that depression partially mediates the relationship between area social deprivation and cognition (Shaw et al ., 2022 ). However, whether this extends to dementia risk remains to be shown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of social deprivation and depression in dementia risk: findings from the longitudinal survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe

Hofbauer

Rodriguez

2023

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims Knowledge on the link of individual social deprivation with dementia is incomplete. We thus aimed to see whether an association with dementia risk can be observed using a recently developed Social Deprivation Index (SoDep Index). Further, as deprivation is related to depression, we investigated the role of depression in the association. Methods We analysed data of 11 623 Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) respondents. Social deprivation status was determined by SoDep Index score. Dementia was determined by self-reported diagnosis. Dementia risk by social deprivation status was estimated using Cox proportional hazard models, including relevant covariates (gender, marriage status, chronic conditions). Depressive symptom status was added in a second step. Further, we completed subgroup analyses by social deprivation status and analysed the relevance of depressive symptoms in dementia risk in each deprivation group. In an additional sensitivity analyses we corrected for mortality and used impaired cognitive testing performance as an alternative outcome. Results High (v. low) social deprivation status was associated with an increased dementia risk (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.79 [95% CI 1.31–2.45]) in the Cox analysis adjusted for covariates only. Further adjustment for depressive symptom status indicated a largely direct association between social deprivation status and dementia risk. Moreover, compared to not having experienced depressive symptoms in the past or at baseline, those with past (HR = 1.67 [95% CI 1.23–2.25]), baseline (HR = 1.48 [95% CI 1.04–2.10]) or stable depressive symptoms (HR = 2.96 [95% CI 2.12–4.14]) had an increased dementia risk. The association between stable depressive symptom status and dementia risk was in the high social deprivation subgroup particularly pronounced. Sensitivity analyses replicated results. Conclusions Results add to a growing body of evidence indicating that a public health approach to dementia prevention must address socioeconomic inequity. Results suggest a largely direct association between social deprivation and dementia risk. Adults who experience high social deprivation appear particularly affected by detrimental effects of depressive symptomatology on dementia risk and need intervention.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The role of social deprivation and depression in dementia risk: findings from the longitudinal survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe

Hofbauer

Rodriguez

2023

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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“…where i y , is the intercept; a is the effect of X on Y; b is the effect of M on Y; c is moderation effect of M. This is a common method used in many social science research [ 69 , 70 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drivers of perceived discrimination among older adults in India: an intersectional analysis

Chakraborty,

Kundu

2024

BMC Psychol

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Discrimination is harmful action taken against individuals or groups to protect customary relations of power and privilege. Older adults are particularly vulnerable to experiences of discrimination that adversely affect their quality of life. We use data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study of India (LASI; Wave 1; 2017–2018) to examine different contextual forces that shape the experiences of discrimination in older adults in India, specifically gender, caste, and economic condition. We used the theory of intersectionality to hypothesize that economic condition, caste, and gender combine uniquely to engender perceived discrimination in older adults. We first used a concentration index to determine the sample’s pre-existing inequality levels. The concentration curve evidenced a disproportionate concentration of discrimination among people with low income. Next, we used a three-way ANCOVA to examine the effects of caste, gender, and economic condition on individuals’ experiences of discrimination. A significant interaction effect of caste, gender, and economic condition [F(1, 30,394) = 8.91 p = 0.003] evidenced the compounding effects of inequalities on experiences of discrimination. Finally, we ran a moderation model to test the ameliorating effects of education on experiences of discrimination experienced by marginalized castes. The model was significant (β= -0.192; p < 0.001), thereby supporting the proposition that increased education level can lead to an increased sense of belonging and perceptions of equal treatment, which relate negatively to perceived discrimination. Results are discussed considering intersectionality in peoples’ struggles and resilience in India.

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An analytical pathway of consumption expenditure with neighborhood deprivation and depression on cognitive health among elderly in India: A moderated mediation approach

Cited by 2 publications

References 83 publications

The role of social deprivation and depression in dementia risk: findings from the longitudinal survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe

The role of social deprivation and depression in dementia risk: findings from the longitudinal survey of health, ageing and retirement in Europe

Drivers of perceived discrimination among older adults in India: an intersectional analysis

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