An analytical model on through-thickness stresses and warpage of composite laminates due to tool–part interaction

Yuan, Zhenyi; Wang, Yongjun; Peng, Xiongqi; Wang, Junbiao; Wei, Shouke

doi:10.1016/j.compositesb.2016.01.016

Cited by 44 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The resin DL1803 samples were placed in DSC (PYRIS1 DSC, Perkin-Elmer) cell and heating flow were obtained from RT to 350℃ with different heating rates  (2,5,10,15 and 20℃/min) in a nitrogen atmosphere.…”

Section: Materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of non-uniform gelation effects on residual stresses of thick laminates based on tailed FBG sensor

Pavier

Zhong

et al. 2018

Composite Structures

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Due to the appearance of temperature gradient and non-uniform gelation, fully understanding of residual stresses is even more complex in thick laminates. In this paper, basic mechanisms of cure process were presented firstly. Then, experimental investigation of the non-uniform gelation was carried out together with characterization of necessary material properties. Tailed FBG sets were applied to monitor the cure of thick laminates with temperature gradient. The non-uniform gelation and chemical shrinkage gradient were captured successfully. Lastly, FEM analysis integrating thermal-chemical sub-model and stress-displacement sub-model was carried out to reveal the development of residual stresses. It is demonstrated that the high temperature layer gelled earlier and showed more chemical shrinkage. The chemical strain gradient would introduce compression internal stresses in prior gelled layer and introduces tensile internal stresses in later gelled layer. For the case studied here, transverse residual stress generated by non-uniform chemical shrinkage is small. The strategy used here is promising to estimate the residual stresses for more complex cases further.

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Section: Materials Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Curing residual stresses [3][4][5] can be generated by mismatch of thermal expansion, chemical shrinkage of resin matrix, tool-part interactions, etc. For thin laminates, temperature gradient is small and it is usual to assume a uniform cure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of non-uniform gelation effects on residual stresses of thick laminates based on tailed FBG sensor

Pavier

Zhong

et al. 2018

Composite Structures

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“…Undesired process‐induced distortions still remain a barrier for the further application of composites in engineering . In past decades, most studies on the PID subject were carried out for thermosetting composites manufactured by autoclave process, RTM etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In past decades, most studies on the PID subject were carried out for thermosetting composites manufactured by autoclave process, RTM etc. . There is a consensus in the literature that both process features and material characteristics should be embedded in the PID calculation .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and Analysis of Process‐Induced Distortions in Hemispherical Thermostamping for Unidirectional Thermoplastic Composites

Liu

Zhang

et al. 2018

Polymer Composites

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This work aims at analyzing process‐induced distortions (PIDs) for unidirectional thermoplastic composites in the thermoforming process and evaluating the effects of fiber reorientations and stamping‐induced stresses. Hemispheres with symmetric and asymmetric lay‐ups are manufactured by the thermostamping process. A simulation method of PIDs is developed and a constitutive model is presented to reflect fiber reorientations in thermostamping. Additionally, stamping‐induced stresses are embedded in the simulation. Good correlation is obtained between the prediction and experimental results. Regarding hemispheres with the symmetric lay‐up [0/90/0/90]S, stamping‐induced stresses play a dominant role in PIDs and determine the deformation trend; fiber reorientations contribute approximately 76% to thermal distortions. Stamping‐induced stresses could be neglected in the PID prediction for the investigated three different asymmetrical lay‐ups, and contributions made by fiber reorientations range from 18% to 28%. Both fiber reorientations and stamping‐induced stresses are significant factors for PIDs for unidirectional thermoplastic composites in the thermoforming process. POLYM. COMPOS., 40:1786–1800, 2019. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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“…Carbon fibre reinforced polymer composites with high strength, stiffness and load-bearing/weight ratio have a wide range of applications [1,2], such as in commercial and military aircrafts. Primary load bearing aerospace composites are normally fabricated using traditional thermal curing technologies [3], in which the composite material is placed in an autoclave [4,5], and the surrounding air is heated by electric wires which transfer the heat to the material. The main problems of the traditional technology are non-uniform temperature distribution, low curing efficiency, long process cycle, and high energy consumption and cost [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new process control method for microwave curing of carbon fibre reinforced composites in aerospace applications

Jelonnek

et al. 2017

Composites Part B: Engineering

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For the fabrication of carbon fibre reinforced composites used in aerospace industry, microwave curing technologies are more effective than traditional thermal curing technologies. However, the manufacturer's recommended cure cycles used in traditional autoclave curing are directly adopted into current microwave curing technologies without thorough validation. Here, a new cyclic heating and cooling methodology for microwave curing process control of composite is proposed by analyzing mechanisms of heat conduction, stress generation and curing kinetics. The results of the experiment carried out show significant reductions in residual strain, warpage, total curing time and energy consumption, compared with both traditional thermal curing and current microwave curing technologies. The mechanical properties of samples cured by the new process are compared with the autoclave cured ones.

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An analytical model on through-thickness stresses and warpage of composite laminates due to tool–part interaction

Cited by 44 publications

References 24 publications

Investigation of non-uniform gelation effects on residual stresses of thick laminates based on tailed FBG sensor

Investigation of non-uniform gelation effects on residual stresses of thick laminates based on tailed FBG sensor

Simulation and Analysis of Process‐Induced Distortions in Hemispherical Thermostamping for Unidirectional Thermoplastic Composites

A new process control method for microwave curing of carbon fibre reinforced composites in aerospace applications

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