“…In particular, bolt lateral clamping has been shown to significantly increase the laminate quasi-static bearing strength, up to 100%, by preventing out-of-plane damage effects under the washers [6,7,8,9]. In complex junctions involving more than a single row of fasteners, the joint failure is also affected by the unequal load distribution between the fasteners [10,11,12,13,14,15]. The load distribution between fasteners is itself influenced by the stiffness of the single-bolt elementary joint in the loading direction.…”