An analytical approach to identify indirect multisensory cortical activations elicited by TMS?

Niessen, Eva; Bracco, Martina; Mutanen, Tuomas P.; Robertson, Edwin M.

doi:10.1016/j.brs.2021.02.003

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…First, we show a replication of the relationship between M1-P15 and iSP, such that the larger the M1-P15, the greater the normalized iSP area. Importantly, control analyses ruled out the risk of an artifactual or sensory contamination that could have explained the relationship between the two measures, showing that neither M1-P15 amplitude nor iSP normalized area were associated with TMS intensity (Niessen et al, 2021). The characterization of early TEP components as reflecting contralateral activation in the motor network is consistent with previous TMS-EEG studies, in which brain source modeling localized the response in the first tens of ms after left M1 stimulation in the right M1 (Ilmoniemi et al, 1997;Zazio et al, 2021), and more generally with findings from double-coil paradigms (Ferbert et al, 1992;Ni et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

M1-P15 as a cortical marker for transcallosal inhibition: A preregistered TMS-EEG study

Zazio

Barchiesi²,

Ferrari³

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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In a recently published study combining transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG), an early component of TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs), i.e., M1-P15, was proposed as a measure of transcallosal inhibition between motor cortices. Given that early TEPs are known to be highly variable, further evidence is needed before M1-P15 can be considered a reliable index of effective connectivity. Here, we conceived a new preregistered TMS-EEG study with two aims. The first aim was validating the M1-P15 as a cortical index of transcallosal inhibition by replicating previous findings on its relationship with the ipsilateral silent period (iSP) and with performance in bimanual coordination. The second aim was inducing a task-dependent modulation of transcallosal inhibition. A new sample of 32 healthy right-handed participants underwent behavioral motor tasks and TMS-EEG recording, in which left and right M1 were stimulated both during bimanual tasks and during an iSP paradigm. Hypotheses and methods were preregistered before data collection. Results show a replication of our previous findings on the positive relationship between M1-P15 amplitude and the iSP normalized area. Differently, the relationship between M1-P15 latency and bimanual coordination was not confirmed. Finally, M1-P15 amplitude was modulated by the characteristics of the bimanual task the participants were performing, and not by the contralateral hand activity during the iSP paradigm. In sum, the present results corroborate our previous findings in validating the M1-P15 as a cortical marker of transcallosal inhibition and provide novel evidence of its task-dependent modulation. Importantly, we demonstrate the feasibility of preregistration in the TMS-EEG field to increase methodological rigor and transparency.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

M1-P15 as a cortical marker for transcallosal inhibition: A preregistered TMS-EEG study

Zazio

Barchiesi²,

Ferrari³

et al. 2022

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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show abstract

“…In the exploratory analysis on TEP peaks, we focused on the early components within 100 ms to avoid confounds related to the TMS sensory processing (Herring, Esterer, Marshall, Jensen, & Bergmann, 2019; Niessen, Bracco, Mutanen, & Robertson, 2021; Nikouline, Ruohonen, & Ilmoniemi, 1999). Peaks’ amplitude and latency were extracted from electrode CP4, which showed the highest signal in all components in the mean of all conditions, by averaging over 10 ms around the peak.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating visuo-tactile mirror properties in Borderline Personality Disorder: a TMS-EEG study

Agnese,

Miranda,

Antonietta

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (pw-BPD) are characterized by lower levels of cognitive empathy compared to healthy controls (HCs), indicating difficulties in understanding others’ perspective. A candidate neural mechanism subtending empathic abilities is represented by the Tactile Mirror System (TaMS), which refers to mirror-like mechanisms in the somatosensory cortices. However, little is known about TaMS alterations in BPD, specifically in terms of brain connectivity within this network. Here, we aimed at providing novel insights on TaMS as neurophysiological candidate for BPD empathic deficits, with a special focus on TaMS connectivity by means of the combined use of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG). Twenty pw-BPD and 20 HCs underwent a thorough investigation: we collected measures of empathic abilities obtained from self-report questionnaires, behavioral performance in a visuo-tactile spatial congruency task, and TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs) as effective connectivity indexes. In the TMS-EEG session, TMS was delivered over the right primary somatosensory cortex (S1) following the presentation of real touches and visual touches, while 74-channel EEG was continuously recorded. In the visuo-tactile spatial congruency task and the TMS-EEG recording, control conditions with visual touches on objects instead of body parts enabled to disentangle the involvement of TaMS from non-specific effects. The study is the first one employing TMS-EEG in pw-BPD and it has been preregistered before data collection. Consistent with previous findings, results show that pw-BPD reported significantly lower levels of cognitive empathy. Moreover, pw-BPD made significantly more errors than controls in the visuo-tactile spatial congruency task during visual touches on human body parts and not on objects. Finally, pw-BPD displayed a different connectivity pattern from S1-TEPs that was not specific for TaMS: they showed a lower P60 component during touch observation, as well as reduced amplitude of later TEPs responses (after ∼100 ms) during real touches. Overall, the present study shows behavioral evidence of TaMS impairment and a more general alteration in the connectivity pattern of the somatosensory network in pw-BPD.

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“…In the present study, we provide a replication of this relationship, such that the larger the M1-P15, the greater the normalized iSP area (Figure 2A). Importantly, control analyses ruled out the risk of an artifactual contamination that could have explained the relationship between the two measures, showing that neither M1-P15 amplitude nor iSP normalized area were associated with TMS intensity (Figure 2B-C; [38]). The characterization of early TEP components as reflecting contralateral activation in the motor network is consistent with previous TMS-EEG studies, in which brain source modeling localized the response in the first tens of ms after left M1 stimulation in the right M1 [4,18], and more generally with evidence from double-coil paradigms [36,39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability of M1-P15 as a cortical marker for transcallosal inhibition: a preregistered TMS-EEG study

Zazio

Barchiesi

Ferrari

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: In a recently published study combining transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG), we provided first evidence of M1-P15, an early component of TMS-evoked potentials, as a measure of transcallosal inhibition between motor cortices. However, considering the technical challenges of TMS-EEG recordings, further evidence is needed before M1-P15 can be considered a reliable index. Objective: Here, we aimed at validating M1-P15 as a cortical index of transcallosal inhibition, by replicating previous findings on its relationship with the ipsilateral silent period (iSP) and with performance in bimanual coordination. Moreover, we aimed at inducing a task-dependent modulation of transcallosal inhibition. Methods: A new sample of 32 healthy right-handed participants underwent behavioral motor tasks and TMS-EEG recording, in which left and right M1 were stimulated during bimanual tasks and during an iSP paradigm. Hypotheses and methods were preregistered before data collection. Results: We successfully replicated our previous findings on the positive relationship between M1-P15 amplitude and the iSP normalized area. However, we did not confirm the relationship between M1-P15 latency and bimanual coordination. Finally, we show a task-dependent modulation of M1-P15 amplitude, which was affected by the characteristics of the bimanual task the participants were performing, but not by the contralateral hand activity during the iSP paradigm. Conclusions: The present results corroborate our previous findings in validating the M1-P15 as a reliable cortical marker of transcallosal inhibition, and provide novel evidence of its task-dependent modulation. Importantly, we demonstrate the feasibility of a preregistration approach in the TMS-EEG field to increase methodological rigor and transparency.

show abstract

An analytical approach to identify indirect multisensory cortical activations elicited by TMS?

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

M1-P15 as a cortical marker for transcallosal inhibition: A preregistered TMS-EEG study

M1-P15 as a cortical marker for transcallosal inhibition: A preregistered TMS-EEG study

Investigating visuo-tactile mirror properties in Borderline Personality Disorder: a TMS-EEG study

Reliability of M1-P15 as a cortical marker for transcallosal inhibition: a preregistered TMS-EEG study

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