An analytic study of applying Miller cycle to reduce NOx emission from petrol engine

Thermodynamic performance analysis and optimization of DMC (Dual Miller Cycle) cogeneration system by considering exergetic performance coefficient and total exergy output criteria

“…In order to see the difference between DualeMiller cycle and Dual cycle, a concept of "DualeMiller cycle ratio r M " [36] is used to describe the difference. The Miller cycle ratio is defined as:…”

“…Therefore the exergy efficiency is determined as total exergy output per total exergy input to the DualeMiller cycle cogeneration system by using Equations (36) and (37): The exergetic performance coefficient (EPC) function determined as the ratio of total exergy output to the loss rate of availability by using Equations (32) and (36):…”

Comparative performance analyses of irreversible OMCE (Otto Miller cycle engine)-DiMCE (Diesel miller cycle engine)-DMCE (Dual Miller cycle engine)

“…While the fuel efficiency enhanced, power output diminished in comparison with weight ratio. Wang et al [29] minimized the NOx emissions released from a gasoline engine by applying the MC. Zhao and Chen [30] conducted a performance analysis on irreversible MC engine by considering internal irreversibilities of the MC engine.…”

A comparison of Miller and Otto cycle natural gas engines for small scale CHP applications

“…Gheorghiu and Ueberschär [9] studied an overexpanded engine for use in hybrid vehicles and investigated sources of efficiency loss in the conventional implementation of such cycles. Wang and Ruxton [10] and Wang et al [11] investigated the application of the Miller cycle concept to reduce engine exhaust gas emissions and found that significant NO x reductions could be achieved, albeit with a penalty in engine fuel consumption. Figure 2 shows the air-standard Otto and Miller cycles, and illustrates the additional work that can be extracted from the Miller cycle (shaded).…”