An Analysis of Water Awareness Campaign Messaging in the Case of Jordan: Water Conservation for State Security

Benedict, S.; Hussein, Hussam

doi:10.3390/w11061156

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In the context of WUE, the contextual factors that have been studied are social, economic, environmental, technical (Jorgensen et al, 2009;Millock and Nauges, 2010;Russell and Fielding, 2010;Lee et al, 2011;Willis et al, 2013;Scott et al, 2014;Jorge et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2015;Hussien and Memon, 2016;Vieira et al, 2017;Kneebone et al, 2018;Nazari et al, 2018;Benedict and Hussein, 2019;Kapetas et al, 2019;Koh, 2020) and, in some cases institutional factors.…”

Section: Contextual Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since individual behavior is essential to analyse the psychology of why people use water efficiently or not, behavioral studies have mainly focused on individual users, e.g., how consumers react to WUE measures and regulations Lee et al, 2011;Scott et al, 2014;Jorge et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2015;Vieira et al, 2017;Kneebone et al, 2018;Nazari et al, 2018;Benedict and Hussein, 2019;Kapetas et al, 2019;Koh, 2020). Several stakeholders, including farmers and households from rural communities have been considered.…”

Section: Behavioral Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of the variables are assumed to independently influence the behavior of water use. Yet many studies have highlighted the need for an integrated view of WUE, indicating its links with the underlying human behavior and institutions Lee et al, 2011;Scott et al, 2014;Jorge et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2015;Vieira et al, 2017;Kneebone et al, 2018;Nazari et al, 2018;Benedict and Hussein, 2019;Kapetas et al, 2019;Koh, 2020).…”

Section: Theory Of Values [1]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Use Efficiency: A Review of Contextual and Behavioral Factors

2021

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Water withdrawals around the world have increased almost twice as fast as the population during the last century. Higher than expected water demand is leading to water scarcity and causing rapid depletion of water tables around the world. One reason behind the higher than expected demand is the inefficient use of water. Inefficient use of water affects the well-being of society, the economic stability of countries, and environmental health. Indeed, water use efficiency (WUE) is one of the pillars of sustainable development goals (SDG 6.4.1). However, progress toward achieving WUE is slow, especially for many developing countries where the degradation of natural resources is critical, economic growth is slow, and there are few strong institutions to coordinate actions. One reason behind inefficient water use is human behavior. A variety of contextual and psychological factors underlie the behavior. The contextual factors include socioeconomic, technical, institutional, and environmental factors and the behavioral factors include factors associated with the perception of risk, attitudes, norms, etc. Yet, few studies consider an integrated view of these factors in shaping water use behavior. This paper consolidates contextual and behavioral factors which influence water use, studies the gaps in our understanding of human water behavior underlying WUE and highlights the need to comprehensive assess and consistently measure such factors and their relationships. Based on the gaps identified, it proposes a conceptual model that connects contextual and behavioral factors and represents potential cause-effect relationships as supported by various environmental behavior approaches and psychological theories. Based on the literature review of water use, and conservation behavior, environmental psychology, and water use models, this model proposes an institutional factor to assess the relationship between institutions and stakeholders, and study contextual factors linked not only for individual water users but also studying these factors for individuals of water supply organizations.

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Section: Contextual Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Behavioral Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Theory Of Values [1]mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water Use Efficiency: A Review of Contextual and Behavioral Factors

2021

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“…A large advertiser, Ogilvy 3 , designed the campaign. Benedict and Hussein (2019) analysed the 2019 MWI Water Efficiency and Public Information for Action (WEPIA) campaign. The authors identify two different types of insecurity discourses used to legitimise state ownership and interference in people's water use.…”

Section: Water Awareness Raising Campaignsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Attitudes to Water Usage in Jordan

Bolton¹

2021

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The author undertakes a literature review of attitudes to water usage in Jordan. One survey was identified which assessed attitudes towards water conservation, sampling 2000 residents in three regions in Jordan (Irbid, Amman, and Zarqa) in 2017. According to the survey, only 61% of respondents believed there was a water shortage in Jordan. 23% believed the water shortage was due to population pressures. The survey focussed more on water conservation than water use. Most of the respondents felt the government were not doing enough on water shortage issues. They were not asked how they feel about the role of the government versus their individual responsibility. Older respondents perceived the shortages to be more critical. A lack of interest in participating in water saving activities was identified among the youth. Water quality was perceived as poor in the USAID survey and noted in other sources. The survey found that most residents had management strategies in place for the day that the water was delivered. Views about politics of regional cooperation and refugee pressure on water use potentially affect attitudes to water but this was not identified specifically within the scope of this report.

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“…This is due both to the insufficiency of water (particularly aggravated in areas with political competition for water, such as in Jordan and, more in general, in the Middle East) and the mismanagement of water (because of unsuitable distribution, scarce user awareness, etc.) at both local and national levels [12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analyzing the Performances of Water User Associations to Increase the Irrigation Sustainability: An Application of Multivariate Statistics to a Case Study in Italy

et al. 2020

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Benchmarking techniques are useful and simple tools to analyze the performance of the collective irrigation in the Water User Associations (WUAs) towards an increase in service sustainability. Several benchmarking techniques have been proposed to process and predict performance indicators. Instead, some meaningful statistical techniques based on the distance of data samples, which overcome the limitations of the traditional benchmarking techniques, have never been applied to the collective irrigation sector. This study applies Permutational Multivariate Analysis of Variance (PERMANOVA), Multidimensional Scale Models (MDS), and Distance-Based Linear Models (DISTLM) as benchmarking techniques to evaluate the technical and financial performances of 10 WUAs in Calabria (Southern Italy). These benchmarking techniques revealed that the significant differences in the irrigated areas and financial self-sufficiency of the WUAs, shown by PERMANOVA, depend on the large variability of the remaining performance indicators. Both the MDS and DISTLM demonstrated that a higher number of associated users and larger irrigation service coverage allows an increase in the irrigated areas; this enlargement is facilitated if the water price and the size of the personnel staff decrease. The WUAs’ self-sufficiency is mainly influenced by the number of workers and the maintenance, organization, and management costs, while the impacts of the due service fees and water price are more limited; it is also convenient to increase the number of the associated farmers since this increases the economy of scale and the gross revenues of the irrigation service. Overall, from the analysis carried out for the regional case study, these benchmarking techniques seem to be powerful and easy tools to identify the problems of the irrigation service and help in planning the most suitable policies to improve the sustainability of the collective irrigation at the regional scale.

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An Analysis of Water Awareness Campaign Messaging in the Case of Jordan: Water Conservation for State Security

Cited by 17 publications

References 11 publications

Water Use Efficiency: A Review of Contextual and Behavioral Factors

Water Use Efficiency: A Review of Contextual and Behavioral Factors

Attitudes to Water Usage in Jordan

Analyzing the Performances of Water User Associations to Increase the Irrigation Sustainability: An Application of Multivariate Statistics to a Case Study in Italy

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