An analysis of treatment outcome following classical Ponseti technique in older children with clubfoot – A concept stretched too far?

Abstract

We questioned whether indications of Achilles tenotomy and standards of equinus correction as used for infants/ young children hold true for use of the classical Ponseti technique in older children as well. Children aged 2-12 years with previously untreated unilateral/bilateral idiopathic clubfeet were included. For the purpose of this study, the subjects were treated by the classic Ponseti technique and underwent percutaneous tenotomy when talar head was reduced. A successful outcome and braceable feet were considered to be achieved when there was at least 10 degrees of ankle dorsiflexion post-tenotomy. The feet were classified into success and failure groups based on the above outcome and compared statistically. Furthermore, we documented the overall foot abduction and ankle dorsiflexion achieved post-tenotomy in older children. Final evaluations were done in 27 patients (39 feet; bilateral 12). Post-tenotomy, 16 feet (41%) constituted the success group. The average age (3.3 versus 5.8 years), foot abduction (39.4 versus 28.7 degrees) and ankle dorsiflexion (14.7 versus 4.1 degrees) for the success group were statistically different from the failure group. There were several residual foot deformities post-tenotomy, chiefly empty heel, varus, equinus and rotation. The reduction of lateral head of talus was not a reliable indicator for planning Achilles tenotomy in the older child. A 10-degree ankle dorsiflexion postclassical Ponseti method was achievable in only 41% feet for older children. Further, several residual deformities were present in treated feet post-tenotomy. J