“…The blank signal is also a series of pixel sums for the same number of frames, but without considering the TBCKG threshold. Thus, this shows how to distinguish between the two sets of data (no source vs. source input) setting (i.e., gain, zoom) [18,19]. This was also discussed and investigated in a similar manner for the counting methodology earlier by this investigative team [18].…”
Section: Example Of Uncalibrated Signal Measurementmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…It was determined that all pixel values for the blank case are normal distribution, which is presented in the statistical frequency format in Fig. 4 [18,19]. In this format, it is possible to determine what most of the pixel values are by using confidence intervals (where a certain percentage of the pixel values occurs).…”
Section: Determining the Threshold (Background)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Figure 20 shows that it is possible to measure the SBUV of an electrical discharge using the calibration and measurement methodology as summarized in the flow The coefficient of variation (CV) is also shown for each measurement, implying that there is less than 20% variation of the signal [18,19].…”
Solar-blind ultraviolet cameras with image intensifier with CMOS detector typically use various count methodologies to measure the optical energy of an electrical corona. However, these count methodologies are non-radiometric without considering parameters such as distance, focus-, zoom-, and gain setting of a camera. An algorithm which considers the calibration and radiometric measurement of optical energy for the slow frame rate intensifier type cameras is presented. Furthermore, it is shown how these calibration data together with the flowcharts are used for the conversion from raw measured data to radiometric energy values.
“…The blank signal is also a series of pixel sums for the same number of frames, but without considering the TBCKG threshold. Thus, this shows how to distinguish between the two sets of data (no source vs. source input) setting (i.e., gain, zoom) [18,19]. This was also discussed and investigated in a similar manner for the counting methodology earlier by this investigative team [18].…”
Section: Example Of Uncalibrated Signal Measurementmentioning
confidence: 97%
“…It was determined that all pixel values for the blank case are normal distribution, which is presented in the statistical frequency format in Fig. 4 [18,19]. In this format, it is possible to determine what most of the pixel values are by using confidence intervals (where a certain percentage of the pixel values occurs).…”
Section: Determining the Threshold (Background)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Figure 20 shows that it is possible to measure the SBUV of an electrical discharge using the calibration and measurement methodology as summarized in the flow The coefficient of variation (CV) is also shown for each measurement, implying that there is less than 20% variation of the signal [18,19].…”
Solar-blind ultraviolet cameras with image intensifier with CMOS detector typically use various count methodologies to measure the optical energy of an electrical corona. However, these count methodologies are non-radiometric without considering parameters such as distance, focus-, zoom-, and gain setting of a camera. An algorithm which considers the calibration and radiometric measurement of optical energy for the slow frame rate intensifier type cameras is presented. Furthermore, it is shown how these calibration data together with the flowcharts are used for the conversion from raw measured data to radiometric energy values.
“…The SBUV camera specifications currently contain only one optical radiometric unit referred to as the 'sensitivity' with typical values of 2.05 × 10 −18 with units [W•cm −2 ] [8]. This is actually the lowest detectable optical flux by an SBUV camera [9].…”
Solar-blind ultraviolet cameras as part of high-voltage electrical inspections until recently have mostly been used for pure observations. These observations only imply the presence of corona discharges and not the severity thereof. A radiometric algorithm together with a calibration algorithm to perform an optical energy measurement were presented earlier. This is a guide on how to apply the algorithm to determine the total optical measurement from corona discharges, plus additional processing. This guide and additions are used to compare the electrical and optical domains with actual examples. The main objective is to illustrate how to determine the electrical and optical relation for the IEC 60720 high-voltage electrical test configurations using a standard open procedure.
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