An Analysis of the Initial Reaction in the Sequence Resulting in Homologous Splenomegaly in the Chick Embryo

Mun, A. M.; Tardent, P.; Errico, John M.; Ebert, James D.; DeLanney, Louis E.; Argyris, Thomas S.

doi:10.2307/1539281

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, because immunologically competent cells as measured by other means are not detected until at least after the 10th day of incubation, we may suggest that the foreign donor tissues persist in the host environment and later react with competent host cells as they appear (Mun et al, 1962). On the other hand, the observation that tolerance induction was enhanced by older, more differentiated tissue argues against the notion that tolerance is solely the result of mutual exchange, or persistence of donor tissue or cells in the host environment, and compels us to consider the immediate impact of the foreign cells on the host environment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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Induction of Immunological Tolerance by Intracoelomic Grafts in the 4-Day Chick Embryo

Mun¹,

Crittenden²,

Clarke³

1967

The Biological Bulletin

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Immunologically competent cells, as measured by their ability to elicit a splenomegaly, are not detected until immediately after hatching (Solomon, 1961 ;Mun et al, 1962). Solomon (1963; reported the sensitization of host lymphocytes as measured by a depressed splenomegaly in the host during the eleventh to seventeenth days of incubation.…”

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confidence: 99%

Induction of Immunological Tolerance by Intracoelomic Grafts in the 4-Day Chick Embryo

Mun¹,

Crittenden²,

Clarke³

1967

The Biological Bulletin

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Lysosomes in the spleen of the chick embryo. II. Changes during the graft‐versus‐host reaction

Kimmel

1967

J. Exp. Zool.

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The graft-versus-host reaction (GVHR) was induced in developing chick embryos by inoculation of competent allogeneic cells. The enzyme contents and some properties of lysosomes from the host spleens were examined.Lysosomal enzymes were found to increase markedly during the GVHR. Changes also were found in the distribution of the enzymes within subcellular fractions obtained by differential centrifugation. A higher proportion of the enzymes was not sedimented with the particulate fractions, and in addition, the proportion of nonlatent enzyme activity in homogenates was significantly increased.These results could be correlated with those of a cytochemical analysis of acid phosphatase in the spleen during the GVHR. The activity increased markedly and the reaction product was located in small particles, as well as in large vacuoles and inclusion bodies within giant cells. Both granulocytes and mononuclear cells were found with increased amounts of demonstrable enzyme. Many cells showed diffuse staining within their cytoplasm, which suggests that the lysosomes had broken down in these cells.Similar changes in content and properties of lysosomes have been shown to occur in other systems in which phagocytes are active, or are subjected to stress, as with toxins or antibodies. The present findings are interpreted to reflect an extensive mobilization of host phagocytes in the GVHR, both in terms of their appearance, and of their phagocytic activation.

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Some histochemical observations on the effects of chorioallantoic grafts on the spleen, bursa, and peripheral blood of chicken embryos

Fennell

1966

Journal of Morphology

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Hatching eggs from inbred lines of chickens (inbreeding coefficient exceeds 95% ) which show various degrees of resistance and susceptibility to Rous sarcoma, were used for experimentation. Adult tissues were grafted onto the chorioallantois on the tenth day of incubation and tissues of host and control embryos were harvested on the twentieth day of incubation. Enzymes were localized in tissues by histochemical procedures.Small pieces of tissue (thymus or bursa), when grafted onto the chorioallantois, increased the size of the spleen in host embryos although splenomegaly did not invariably occur. Two types of reactions were observed in the spleen, i.e., enlarged spleens with cysts or enlarged spleens which from a morphological point of view were normal. Grafts of either thymus or bursa decreased the size of the host embryo's bursa or were without effect. When weight of the bursa of host embryos was significantly less than that of control embryos on the twentieth day of incubation, this size relationship persisted in chicks four weeks post hatching.Intensity of dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase reactions in cysts of enlarged spleens and in the multinucleated giant cells investing them suggests that they consist of groups of degenerating cells. Intensity of enzyme reaction indicates that enlarged spleens of host embryos in which cysts were absent were normal. Enzyme reactions in the bursae of experimental embryos were more intense than those identified in the same tissues of control embryos. Catabolic reactions were the predominant type in grafts ten days subsequent to implantation. Grafts increased the number of erythrocytes in the peripheral blood of host embryos.

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An Analysis of the Initial Reaction in the Sequence Resulting in Homologous Splenomegaly in the Chick Embryo

Abstract: The splenomegaly induced in the chick embryo by chorioallantoic or intracoelomic grafts of homologous adult spleen, or by intravenous inoculations of homologous spleen cells (

Cited by 11 publications

References 31 publications

Induction of Immunological Tolerance by Intracoelomic Grafts in the 4-Day Chick Embryo

Induction of Immunological Tolerance by Intracoelomic Grafts in the 4-Day Chick Embryo

Lysosomes in the spleen of the chick embryo. II. Changes during the graft‐versus‐host reaction

Some histochemical observations on the effects of chorioallantoic grafts on the spleen, bursa, and peripheral blood of chicken embryos

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