An Analysis of the Impact of LED Tilt on Visible Light Positioning Accuracy

David, Paul A.; Bastiaens, Sander; Martens, Luc; Joseph, Wout

doi:10.3390/electronics8040389

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The experimental results reached the same conclusion as the simulation results and demonstrated the applicability of our algorithm for 3D positioning without prior knowledge of the receiver's height. It should be noted that some of the errors observed in our experiments could also be caused by other factors such as (i) the LEDs having small unknown tilt angles [32], (ii) the LED radiation pattern not being perfectly Lambertian and (iii) the LED power showing a deviation from their advertised values [33]. The difference between the simulated and experimental results was due to the nature of experimental work and background noise.…”

Section: Experimental Validationmentioning

confidence: 72%

A Novel 3D Visible Light Positioning Method Using Received Signal Strength for Industrial Applications

et al. 2019

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In this paper, a novel three-dimensional (3D) indoor visible light positioning (VLP) algorithm using the Cayley–Menger determinant (CMD) with a cost function is proposed and experimentally tested to track a drone for industrial applications. The proposed algorithm uses optical received signal strength (RSS) for estimating the drone’s 3D position without prior knowledge of its height. This reduces the need for additional height sensors used in some 3D VLP systems. The performance of the proposed algorithm in terms of positioning error is also compared with a linear least squares (LLS) trilateration algorithm, with and without tilting of the receiver and with multipath reflections. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is more accurate and outperforms the LLS algorithm by a median improvement of 21% and is also more robust to the effect of tilting, as well as in the presence of multipath reflections. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm has been experimentally tested and compared with the LLS algorithm in a VLP test bed measuring 4 × 4 × 4.1 m 3 . The experimental results show that the median errors for LLS are 11.4 cm, while the median errors for CMD are 10.5 cm, which results in an error decrease of 8% when CMD with a cost function is used.

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Section: Experimental Validationmentioning

confidence: 72%

A Novel 3D Visible Light Positioning Method Using Received Signal Strength for Industrial Applications

et al. 2019

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“…Narrow bandwidth modulation of the light source, requiring further development of new modulation and coding techniques [29,30] Effects such as shadowing, path-loss, multipath propagation, and background noise effects [29,31] Interference with other VLC devices and the ambient light sources [26,30,31] Tilt position of the transmitter might cause changes of the transmitted signal [31,32] Tilt position of the receiver might cause changes of the received signal [33] Multiple access techniques and user mobility issues [29,30] Eye safety standards vs. limited transmission distance [29,34] Not working in light off mode [29,31] Deviations on the LED power due to aging, or tolerances on the power [35] Upgrading cost from current infrastructures [29,36] Integration with WiFi, Bluetooth, RFID, IMU, and other technologies [37]…”

Section: Challenge Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Indoor Localization via Visible Lights: A Survey

Rahman

Wang

2020

Sensors

104

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Because of the limitations of the Global Positioning System (GPS) in indoor scenarios, various types of indoor positioning or localization technologies have been proposed and deployed. Wireless radio signals have been widely used for both communication and localization purposes due to their popular availability in indoor spaces. However, the accuracy of indoor localization based purely on radio signals is still not perfect. Recently, visible light communication (VLC) has made use of electromagnetic radiation from light sources for transmitting data. The potential for deploying visible light communication for indoor localization has been investigated in recent years. Visible-light-based localization enjoys low deployment cost, high throughput, and high security. In this article, the most recent advances in visible-light-based indoor localization systems have been reviewed. We strongly believe that visible-light-based localization will become a low-cost and feasible complementary solution for indoor localization and other smart building applications.

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“…Besides VLC, in [24][25][26], visible light positioning is explored. A fingerprint-based indoor positioning system for multiple reflections is proposed in [24].…”

Section: The Present Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A fingerprint-based indoor positioning system for multiple reflections is proposed in [24]. To address the issue of non-perfect LED deployment, in [25], the impact of LED tilt on visible light positioning accuracy is analyzed. Moreover, a mobile optoelectronic tracking system based on feedforward control is investigated in [26].…”

Section: The Present Issuementioning

confidence: 99%