An analysis of excessive running in the development of activity anorexia

Beneke, William M.; Schulte, Sharon E.; Tuig, Jerry G. Vander

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(95)00083-u

Cited by 34 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…The strong association between reported physical activity and inpatient medical admission for AN further validates the activity-based AN model in rats [28], [29], [30]. In rats, restriction of food intake by time but not total amount offered causes a growth plateau but not spontaneous AN.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Increased Physical Activity Not Decreased Energy Intake Is Associated with Inpatient Medical Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa in Adolescent Females

et al. 2013

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There is a dearth of data regarding changes in dietary intake and physical activity over time that lead to inpatient medical treatment for anorexia nervosa (AN). Without such data, more effective nutritional therapies for patients cannot be devised. This study was undertaken to describe changes in diet and physical activity that precede inpatient medical hospitalization for AN in female adolescents. This data can be used to understand factors contributing to medical instability in AN, and may advance rodent models of AN to investigate novel weight restoration strategies. It was hypothesized that hospitalization for AN would be associated with progressive energy restriction and increased physical activity over time. 20 females, 11–19 years (14.3±1.8 years), with restricting type AN, completed retrospective, self-report questionnaires to assess dietary intake and physical activity over the 6 month period prior to inpatient admission (food frequency questionnaire, Pediatric physical activity recall) and 1 week prior (24 hour food recall, modifiable activity questionnaire). Physical activity increased acutely prior to inpatient admission without any change in energy or macronutrient intake. However, there were significant changes in reported micronutrient intake causing inadequate intake of Vitamin A, Vitamin D, and pantothenic acid at 1 week versus high, potentially harmful, intake of Vitamin A over 6 months prior to admission. Subject report of significantly increased physical activity, not decreased energy intake, were associated with medical hospitalization for AN. Physical activity and Vitamin A and D intake should be carefully monitored following initial AN diagnosis, as markers of disease progression as to potentially minimize the risk of medical instability.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Increased Physical Activity Not Decreased Energy Intake Is Associated with Inpatient Medical Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa in Adolescent Females

et al. 2013

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“…Although 12 and 24 mg/kg/day of OLZ induced small but significant increases in body weight during food restriction in the dose-response study (Figure 3a), 12 mg/kg/day OLZ only induced small, nonsignificant increases in body weight during the first 6 days of food restriction in the drug comparison study (Figure 4a). Both OLZ and FLX significantly reduced FAA (Figure 4d), which contributes substantially to progressive weight loss in the ABA paradigm (Beneke et al, 1995;Dwyer and Boakes, 1997). During restriction, OLZ only produced a trend for increased food intake, while FLX significantly increased food intake during restriction (Figure 4b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Olanzapine, but Not Fluoxetine, Treatment Increases Survival in Activity-Based Anorexia in Mice

Klenotich

Seiglie

McMurray

et al. 2012

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an eating disorder characterized by extreme hypophagia, hyperactivity, and fear of weight gain. No approved pharmacological treatments exist for AN despite high mortality rates. The activity-based anorexia (ABA) phenomenon models aspects of AN in rodents, including progressive weight loss, reduced food intake, and hyperactivity. First, we optimized the ABA paradigm for mice. We compared mouse strains (Balb/cJ, A/J) for susceptibility with ABA, and evaluated the effects of different food access durations (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 h) on ABA parameters. Balb/cJ mice exhibited significantly shorter survival time (days until 25% bodyweight loss) in the ABA paradigm compared with A/J mice. Furthermore, 6 h of food access reduced survival in mice housed with wheels without reducing survival in mice housed without wheels. We then evaluated the effects of chronic treatment with fluoxetine (4 weeks) or subchronic treatment with olanzapine (OLZ) (1 week) on ABA in BALB/cJ mice. OLZ (12 mg/kg/day) significantly increased survival and reduced food anticipatory activity (FAA). However, OLZ did not alter food intake or running wheel activity during ad-lib feeding (baseline) or restriction conditions, or in mice housed without wheels. Fluoxetine (18 mg/kg/day) increased food intake and reduced FAA, but did not alter survival. Here, we report for the first time that OLZ, but not fluoxetine, reduces ABA in mice. Our findings indicate further need for clinical investigations into the effects of OLZ, but not selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, on core features of AN.

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“…The American Institute of Nutrition-76 diet and tap water were provided ad libitum for 2 weeks. Spontaneous voluntary exercise in the running wheel was measured on the 5th, 9th, and 13th day after implantation of pump using standard Wahmann activity wheels (1.125 m in circumference) as described previously (19). The systolic blood pressure of prewarmed (for tail vein dilation), conscious rats was measured at the beginning and on 13th day of the experiment by a tail-cuff method after rats were rested for 2 hr.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Norepinephrine Infusion and Exercise on Blood Pressure in Rats

Myung

Tuig

Carolyn

et al. 1997

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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Two experiments were conducted to test the hypotheses that norepinephrine (NE) infusion would increase blood pressure and wheel running activity level, and, secondly, that voluntary exercise would lower NE-induced increases in blood pressure. NE-bitartrate was infused into male Sprague-Dawley rats using an implanted osmotic pump (3.75 micrograms/kg/min in 0.9% saline). Control rats received the vehicle solution. Systolic blood pressure was measured by the tail-cuff method. Voluntary wheel running activity expressed as wheel revolutions per 24 hr was measured on the 5th, 9th, and 13th day. Blood pressure on the 13th day and wheel running activity on the 9th day were significantly higher in NE-infused rats. The NE content of heart tissue was not altered, but urinary excretion of NE and epinephrine was increased in the NE-infused animals. Food intake, body weight gain, and kidney weight per 100 g body wt were not changed but heart weight per 100 g body wt was increased by NE infusion. Urinary total calcium excretion was higher in the NE-infused rats. Spontaneous voluntary exercise in running wheels attenuated increases of blood pressure in NE-infused rats. The results of the present study suggest that rats receiving exogenous NE exhibit increased blood pressure and voluntary wheel running activity. Voluntary wheel running exercise also reduces blood pressure in NE-infused rats.

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An analysis of excessive running in the development of activity anorexia

Cited by 34 publications

References 20 publications

Increased Physical Activity Not Decreased Energy Intake Is Associated with Inpatient Medical Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa in Adolescent Females

Increased Physical Activity Not Decreased Energy Intake Is Associated with Inpatient Medical Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa in Adolescent Females

Olanzapine, but Not Fluoxetine, Treatment Increases Survival in Activity-Based Anorexia in Mice

Effects of Norepinephrine Infusion and Exercise on Blood Pressure in Rats

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