An Analysis of Discourse Markers Used by Pakistani Presidents/Prime Ministers in Their Speeches at UN General Assembly Sessions

Abstract

This study examines the use of discourse markers (DMs) in Pakistani political speeches at the United Nations General Assembly. The study analysed six political speech transcripts for discourse markers, categorised them by their functions, and used Fung and Carter's framework (2007) for classification and examined with the perspective of critical discourse analysis (CDA). The research aims to analyse the discoursal aspects of the political genre and highlight the significance of DMs as a linguistic strategy in political communication. The study's findings reveal that DMs are critical in projecting confidence and authority while avoiding markers that isolate or estrange specific audience segments. Both democratic and dictatorial leaders use interpersonal markers to establish rapport with their audience. Continuation markers play a crucial role in ensuring the coherence and continuity of ideas in their political speeches. This study underscores the strategic use of DMs in political communication and its implications for shaping the persuasive message conveyed by politicians to their audience. It highlights the crucial role of DMs in political discourse and underscores the importance of studying them to gain a deeper understanding of the political genre. Overall, this research provides valuable insights into the use of DMs in political speeches and their role in shaping the persuasive message of politicians to their audience.