An analysis of community structure detection for educational coopetition

Ubi, Jaan; Ubi, Evald; Liiv, Innar; Võhandu, Leo

doi:10.1109/icelete.2013.6644356

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The use of carbon black has been found to create harmful byproducts during manufacture (Dominic et al, 2020) and results in complicated health issues as revealed by the Fact sheet of the New Jersey Department of Health Hazardous Substance (NJDOH, 2016). Research and manufacturing in recent times pay much attention to environmentally compatible and sustainable materials and systems (Abdulrahman et al, 2015;Anosike-Francis et al, 2022;Ofem and Ubi, 2020;Shrestha et al, 2010;Ubi and Abdulrahman, 2013), hence the need to seek a sustainable biobased alternative to the existing traditional fillers. In the rubber industry, fillers such as carbon black and silica are usually used for reinforcement and enhancement of the properties of products.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical characteristics and regression models of rice husk silica reinforced natural rubber composites

Ubi,

Ademoh,

Abdulrahman

et al. 2023

Nig. J. Technol. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbon black and silica fillers have been widely used as reinforcing fillers in tyres and engine mounts. However, both fillers are non-renewable and with REACH legislation in Europe, the USA and elsewhere, where some of these fillers are termed hazardous due to the presence of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), there is a need to search for sustainable alternative fillers to wholly or partially replace carbon black as a filler. This research studied rice husks-derived silica (RHS) as a filler in natural rubber (NR). The characteristics of RHS at 50 phr to 90 phr filler loading levels were examined to determine its suitability as a substitute for unsustainable carbon black (N772) fillers used in the rubber industry. Bound rubber content, crosslink density, tensile strength, young modulus, tear strength, shore A hardness, compressive set, and elongation at break were measured. Regression models were generated and the correlation of determination (R2) values was obtained. The RHS composites resulted in maximum tensile strength of 13.20 MPa at 90 phr, tear strength of 119 MPa at 90 phr, shore A hardness of 69 at 90 phr, compressive set of 6.72% at 80 and 90 phr, elongation at break of 453.60% at 80 phr, bound rubber content of 92.14% at 50 phr and crosslink density of 3.87×10-2 mol/cm3 at 70 phr. The results obtained were within the range of those obtained for the carbon black filled composites across various loading levels. The R2 value of mechanical characteristics for the RHS and N772 samples respectively were 50.06% and 62.18% (bound rubber content), 97.62% and 99.85% (tensile strength), 98.44% and 63.97% (tear strength), 89.16 and 97.40% (Shore A hardness), 32.90% and 91.80% (compressive set), a d 50.91% and 46.91% (elongation at break). Rice husk-derived Silica filled natural rubber composites showed favourable mechanical properties and can substitute traditional fillers in tyres, rubber engine mounts, bushings, seals and doormats.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%